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Piper longum (Long Pepper or Pipli) and Tinospora cordifolia (Giloy or Heart-Leaved Moonseed)
Published in Azamal Husen, Herbs, Shrubs, and Trees of Potential Medicinal Benefits, 2022
Yashashree Pradhan, Hina Alim, Nimisha Patel, Kamal Fatima Zahra, Belkıs Muca Yiğit, Johra Khan, Ahmad Ali
Piper longum, or long pepper, is mostly used in traditional medicine for treatment of many diseases. It is known as “pipali” in Sanskrit. According to Ayurvedic medicine, it has properties as follows: rasa-katu, i.e., pungent; veerya-Anushnashita, i.e., slightly cold; vipaka-Madhur, i.e., sweet; guna-snigdha, i.e., unctuous; Laghu, i.e., light; tikshna, i.e., sharp; and dosha, i.e., calms vata and kapha (Zaveri et al., 2010).
Ethnopharmacological Properties of Some Threatened Medicinal Plants
Published in Jayanta Kumar Patra, Gitishree Das, Sanjeet Kumar, Hrudayanath Thatoi, Ethnopharmacology and Biodiversity of Medicinal Plants, 2019
Sanjeet Kumar, Padma Mahanti, Gitishree Das, Jayanta Kumar Patra
The plant parts such as roots, leaves, stem, flowers, tubers, fruits, bark, gum or resinous extract are used against different diseases and disorders. When the seeds of Celastrus paniculatus were macerated, and oil was obtained. The oil is used to enhance the memory of abnormal children (Kulkarni et al., 2011). The juice of resin of Gardenia gummifera was used to kill the intestinal worm (Nayak et al., 2011). It was also observed that tuber paste of Gloriosa superba was applied externally to reduce the joint pain among the old age people of tribal communities of Kendujhar (Akhtar, Haqqi, 2012). The tuber juice of this plant is taken for abortion. The bark decoction of Oroxylum indicum is used to treat throat infections (Payne et al., 2013). It was noted that fruits juice of Piper longum is used to cure cough and asthma (Okwu, Nnamdi, 2011). The leaf juice of Pterocarpus marsupium was taken to control diabetes (Liu et al., 2005) and tuber paste of Pueraria tuberosa was used as an emollient paste (Aburjai, Natsheh, 2003). The root paste of Rauvolfia serpentine is used against snake bites (Gomes et al., 2010) and leaves and fruits paste of Scindapsus officinalis is applied to reduce inflammation (Nijveldt et al., 2001).
Alternative and Complementary Medicine in Treating Fungal Dermatophytic Infections
Published in Anne George, K. S. Joshy, Mathew Sebastian, Oluwatobi Samuel Oluwafemi, Sabu Thomas, Holistic Approaches to Infectious Diseases, 2017
Piper longum L. (Family: Piperaceae) grows all over India, in evergreen forests and is cultivated in Assam, Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh. A small shrub with a large woody root and numerous creeping, jointed stems, thickened at the nodes. The leaves are alternate, spreading, without stipules and blade varying greatly in size. The lowest leaves are 5–7 cm long, whereas, the uppermost 2–3 cm long. The flowers are in solitary spikes. The fruits, berries, in fleshy spikes 2.5–3.5 cm long and 5 mm thick, oblong, blunt and blackish green in color. The mature spikes collected and dried, form the commercial form of pippali and the root radix is known as pippalimula. The chloroform extract of the leaf showed better activity when compared to the petroleum ether, methanol and water extracts against T.rubrum, T.tonsurans, M.fulvum and M.gypseum where the MIC was recorded at 5 mg/mL. The major compound showing the bioactivity was identified as 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid bis-(2-ethylhexyl) ester, 2,2-dimethoxybutane, and β-myrcene obtained through the analysis of GC-MS data from the fractions collected using silica gel column chromatography (Das et al., 2012).
Development of piperine nanoemulsions: an alternative topical application for hypopigmentation
Published in Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy, 2022
Burcu Ozkan, Ebru Altuntas, Rabia Cakir Koc, Yasemin Budama-Kilinc
Piper longum L. (long pepper) and Piper nigrum L. (black pepper) (Piperaceae) are traditionally used in Indian medicine and are among the most widely used spices in the world. Piperine is an alkaloid derived from its oleoresin in black pepper, giving the bitter taste of P. longum L. and P. nigrum L. [13]. Recently, piperine has been found to be effective in the pigmentation mechanism as well as other biological activities [14]. A group of scientists from King's College London showed that basic alkaloid piperine and its synthetic derivatives stimulate skin pigmentation and are effective in restoring skin pigmentation [10]. In a study conducted by Soumyanath et al., piperine has been demonstrated to increase melanocyte proliferation in vitro, and act through protein kinase C stimulation [15]. In another study, it was observed that the aqueous extract of piperine (0.1 mg/ml) stimulated the growth of mouse melanocyte line culture by approximately 300% within 8 days [16]. In this content, piperine can be considered as a potential active ingredient with its biological activities on melanogenesis, providing the re-occurrence of pigmentation and these findings may lead to better outcomes in the development of potential treatments. It can also reduce the risk of skin cancer by reducing the need for UV radiation in the treatment of vitiligo.
Topical creams of piperine loaded lipid nanocarriers for management of atopic dermatitis: development, characterization, and in vivo investigation using BALB/c mice model
Published in Journal of Liposome Research, 2022
Pravin Kumar, Dinesh Kumar Sharma, Mahendra Singh Ashawat
In the traditional system of medicine, that is, Chinese, Korean, Japanese, and Iranian several phytoconstituents or a mixture of phytoconstituents have been reported for the treatment of AD (Kumar, Sharma, et al.2020). A common possible mechanism of action of herbal medicines is by regulating the expression of Th1 and Th2 cell, thus reducing the levels of IgE and eosinophils with improved lesions in atopic skin. Piperine a major alkaloid of black pepper (piper nigrum) and long pepper (piper longum) has been used traditionally in folk medicines for the treatment of seizures, asthma, and chronic bronchitis. The different pharmacological investigations have reported the anti-inflammatory activity for piperine (Leila et al.2017). Piperine given orally showed inhibitory action on eosinophils, IgE antibodies, and Th2 cytokines in allergic skin conditions (Jung et al. 2015). Forty-seven to sixty-four percent of piperine given orally is subjected to the first-pass metabolism (Bhat and Chandrasekhara 1986). Further, an oral dose of piperine 10–20 mg/Kg body weight for 30 days was reported to have toxic effects on the reproductive system and eye irritation (Priprem et al.2011, Tasleem et al.2014).
The Natural Alkaloid Piperlongumine Inhibits Metastatic Activity and Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition of Triple-Negative Mammary Carcinoma Cells
Published in Nutrition and Cancer, 2021
Leanne M. Delaney, Nathan Farias, Javad Ghassemi Rad, Wasundara Fernando, Henry Annan, David W. Hoskin
The pungent fruits of the long pepper plant (Piper longum) are widely consumed as a spice, as well as being used in traditional medicine to treat a variety of ailments (8). Long pepper plant fruits contain piperlongumine, a bioactive alkaloid that selectively kills breast cancer cells and other cancer cell types (9–12). The cytotoxic activity of piperlongumine has been attributed to oxidative stress caused by increased levels of hydrogen peroxide in piperlongumine-treated cancer cells (13). Cancer cells typically have a greater reactive oxygen species (ROS) burden and are therefore more sensitive than normal cells to oxidative stress (14). Piperlongumine also inhibits the JAK2-STAT3 (15), nuclear factor (NF) κB (16), and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin signaling pathways (17), reduces overall nuclear traffic (18), and activates pro-apoptotic C/EBP homologous protein (9), mitogen-activated protein kinase p38 and phospho-c-Jun N-terminal kinase (11). However, the effect of noncytotoxic low dose piperlongumine on metastasis-associated molecules and activities of TNBC cells has not been fully investigated.