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The Role of Plant-Based Natural Compounds in Inflammation
Published in Namrita Lall, Medicinal Plants for Cosmetics, Health and Diseases, 2022
Marcela Dvorakova, Premysl Landa, Lenka Langhansova
Three major naturally occurring stilbenes—resveratrol, piceatannol and pterostilbene (Figure 22.4)—were assessed for their 5-LOX inhibitory activity against the reference compound, Zileuton. Resveratrol is a compound found in more than 70 plant species and was first identified in Vitis vinifera L. (Figure 22.5A). On the contrary, piceatannol was found only in few plants such as Melaleuca leucadendra (L.) L., Cassia garretiana Craib and Rheum undulatum L. A natural resveratrol analog pterostilbene is found in grapes and blueberries, and it was first identified as a dominant compound in Pterocarpus marsupium Roxb. (Maurya and Ray, 1984). Piceatannol, as well as pterostilbene, exerted good 5-LOX inhibitory activity in the cell-free enzymatic assay (IC50 = 1.1 and 3.9 µM, respectively), as well as in cell-based assay, in which their activity (IC50 = 0.24 and 0.53 µM, respectively) surpassed the activity of Zileuton (IC50 = 1.1 µM) (Boccellino et al., 2019). On the other hand, an IC50 value of resveratrol in the cell-free assay was above 10 µM, while in cell-based assay it reached an IC50 of 4.9 µM, which was comparable to the IC50 values reported earlier (Werz, 2007).
Rhubarb
Published in Mahendra Rai, Shandesh Bhattarai, Chistiane M. Feitosa, Ethnopharmacology of Wild Plants, 2021
Gan B. Bajracharya, Richa K. Gupta
Resveratrol (67), rhapontigenin (68) and piceatannol (71) were studied as inhibitors of nitric oxide production in lipopolysaccharide-activated-macrophages (Kageura et al. 2001). Rhapontigenin (68) and desoxyrhapontigenin (69) have shown strong inhibition of aggregation induced by arachidonic acid and collagen (Ko et al. 1999). Antioxidative rhapontigenin (68) could protect V79-4 cells against oxidative damage by modulating the cellular signal pathways (Zhang et al. 2007a). It was found effective in inhibiting mammalian α-glucosidase (Babu et al. 2004). Piceatannol (71) inhibited the migration and invasion of prostate cancer cells (Kwon et al. 2012). It was also responsible for the vasorelaxant property of the rhubarb (Yoo et al. 2007). It possessed anticancer, antiatherogenic, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and estrogenic activities (Piotrowska et al. 2012).
Lessons to Be Learnt from Ayurveda
Published in D. Suresh Kumar, Ayurveda in the New Millennium, 2020
Prachi Garodia, Sosmitha Girisa, Varsha Rana, Ajaikumar B. Kunnumakkara, Bharat B. Aggarwal
Resveratrol administered to breast cancer patients for 12 weeks showed a marked decline in the methylation of four genes which can cause an increase in the threat for breast cancer. In the case of prostate cancer, the effect of resveratrol in combination with curcumin encapsulated in the same liposome increased their anti-cancer effect (Ghani et al. 2019). The compound piceatannol was also shown to induce apoptosis in leukemic cells through the induced expression of F.A.S. and M.A.P.K. (mitogen-activated protein kinase)-mediated c-Jun and A.T.F.-2 (activating transcription factor 2) pathways. It also activated caspases and downregulated B-cell lymphoma (Bcl2) (Liu and Chang 2010).
Chitosan/poly (lactic acid)-coated piceatannol nanoparticles exert an in vitro apoptosis activity on liver, lung and breast cancer cell lines
Published in Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology, 2018
Jeevitha Dhanapal, Malathy Balaraman Ravindrran
Piceatannol (PIC), a polyphenol occurs in nature which is present in red wine. It is one of the major dietary stilbenes, a class of organic compounds possessing important health benefits that contains pterostilbene and resveratrol [6]. It has been proved that PIC helps in preventing and treating cancer [7]. Reports stated that PIC persuades an intrinsic approach for programmed cell death and also to treat cancers like bladder, prostate, melanoma and colorectal [8–12]. PIC proves as an anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-leukemic [13] and as a drug for Epstein–Barr virus and also act as a recovery agent of cardiovascular diseases [14], atherosclerosis and inflammatory bowel diseases and gives protection against beta-amyloid stimulated oxidative stress and cell death [15]. As mentioned in our previous article, there was a hasty glucuronidation and deficit of PIC bioavailability when injected in rats, hence the encapsulation of polymeric nanoparticles overcomes bioavailability against the target cells [16]. Polymeric nanoparticles that are originated from the biodegradable and biocompatible polymers are good candidates for drug carrier to deliver drugs because they are predictable to be adsorbed in an intact form in the gastrointestinal tract after oral administration.
Protective Effects of Piceatannol against Selenite-Induced Cataract and Oxidative Damage in Rats
Published in Current Eye Research, 2022
Yating Liu, Jinglan Li, Zi Ye, Tianju Ma, Zhaohui Li
Piceatannol, also known as trans-3,4,3′,5′-tetrahydroxy-stilbene, an analog of resveratrol, is more stable than resveratrol during metabolism.10 It has several therapeutic effects including immunomodulation, anti-inflammation, as well as antioxygenic, and anticancer activity.10–12 It also has been reported that piceatannol can protect APRE-19 cells from drug-mediated photooxidative damage by activating the Nrf2 signaling protein.10 Piceatannol shows much higher activity than resveratrol in specific cases;11 however, whether these effects apply in vivo remains uncertain.