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How East Met West
Published in Tricia L. Chandler, Fredrick Dombrowski, Tara G. Matthews, Co-occurring Mental Illness and Substance Use Disorders, 2022
The findings of all these researchers have been studied from different fields of inquiry using a transtheoretical approach. However, similar constructs around developing resiliency through positive emotions which feeds back to the physical body with less stress levels found in HRV and heart coherence provides a loop of psychological resilience and emotional well-being that has also been found in the resiliency research (Fredrickson, 2001). These different forms of research are linking the body-brain-emotion-spirit in an energetic field that suggests body/mind approaches are needed to effectively reduce the emotional charge of trauma memories, mood incongruence, and triggers that stimulate the desire to numb pain (Ecker et al., 2012; Gilomen & Lee, 2015; Nelms, 2017; Schwarz, 2012, 2014). While more research studies are needed to determine the physiological effect of these techniques, there has been considerable research to demonstrate the efficacy and evidence base for thought field therapy (TFT) and emotional freedom technique (EFT) in reducing emotional disruption that maintains hyperarousal as a trauma-informed care approach, while reducing anxiety, depression, PTSD symptoms, and cravings for substances (Balha et al., 2020; Stapleton, 2019).
Mood Disorders
Published in Vincenzo Berghella, Maternal-Fetal Evidence Based Guidelines, 2022
Madeleine A. Becker, Tal E. Weinberger, Leigh J. Ocker
Unplanned pregnancy and voluntary termination of pregnancy may occur more frequently in women with BAD [41]. Adverse neonatal outcomes, such as preterm delivery, severe large for gestational age birth-weight, neonatal morbidity (such as RDS, sepsis, and neonatal abstinence syndrome) congenital malformations, and neonatal hospital readmission, have been found to be more common among women with a history of hospitalization for bipolar disorder. The cause of the higher percentage of adverse outcomes in this population is unknown; potential explanations include direct physiological effect of psychiatric illness, health care and lifestyle behaviors related to mood symptoms, or effects of psychiatric medication [42].
Functional Foods
Published in Raj K. Keservani, Anil K. Sharma, Rajesh K. Kesharwani, Nutraceuticals and Dietary Supplements, 2020
José M. Lorenzo, Paulo E. S. Munekata, Mirian Pateiro, Elena Movilla Fierro, Suzana Rimac Brnčić, Mladen Brnčić, Francisco J. Barba
Another possible aspect that can be considered in the development of functional foods is to explore more than one physiological effect. The concept of multifunctional food consists in exploring more than one functional ingredient and also inducing two or more physiological effects (Gregori and Gafare, 2012). However, this concept requires more studies to achieve appropriate methodologies to avoid bias and improve integration between studies regarding biomarkers, for instance.
Nature as a source and inspiration for human monoamine oxidase B (hMAO-B) inhibition: A review of the recent advances in chemical modification of natural compounds
Published in Expert Opinion on Drug Discovery, 2023
Francesco Melfi, Simone Carradori, Andrea Angeli, Ilaria D’Agostino
Biogenic amine catabolism is pivotal in several physiological and pathological processes not only in CNS and plant-based formulations or natural bioactive ingredients have been used for the management of neurological disorders since the dawn of time [144]. hMAO enzymes have been widely recognized as important targets for the therapy of psychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders. Their main physiological effect is the increase of the biological half-life of central monoamines (especially DA for hMAO-B inhibitors). They also act as a metabolic barrier, preventing the passage of bioactive amines from the gastrointestinal tract (epithelial cells) to the blood and from the systemic circulation to the CNS. Moreover, hMAO inhibitors are endowed with other pharmacological properties not always dependent on the dopaminergic pathway. First of all, the hMAO-B enzyme in cerebellar glia is also involved in the production of GABA from the catabolic reactions of putrescine [145]. This neurotransmitter is known to trigger memory or learning impairment in animal models of AD via a reduction of neuronal plasticity [146,147]. Secondly, the enzyme-mediated by-product H2O2 can be associated with neurodegeneration given the conversion to highly harmful and reactive free radicals in the presence of ferrous ions. This event is also more pronounced in elderly people where the hMAO-B expression increases in the CNS with aging.
Recent advances in the management of pulmonary arterial hypertension: lessons from the upfront combination of ambrisentan and tadalafil
Published in Expert Review of Respiratory Medicine, 2021
Pilar Escribano Subías, Agueda Aurtenetxe Pérez, Carmen Pérez Olivares, Leticia Gómez Climent, Jesús I. Diago Cabezudo, Maria Francesca Perelló
The sixth WSPH in 2018 prompted significant changes in PAH treatment. For the first time treatment is guided by patient risk (as assessed by multifactorial risk assessment tools) and an upfront oral dual combination is recommended in the early stages of the disease (low-risk patients). Initially based on a more aggressive treatment approach, upfront oral dual combination therapy with ambrisentan and tadalafil has proven its value in low- and intermediate-risk patients, including those with CTD-PAH and those with so-called ‘atypical’ PAH. Refinement of risk assessment tools for PAH is strongly required before they can fulfill their role and be incorporated into routine clinical practice. The benefit of treating patients with mild mPAP elevation, now included in the PAH definition, is still a matter of debate. Ambrisentan has been shown to improve hemodynamics and delay progression to PAH, although more evidence is needed. Agreeing the most suitable primary endpoints to assess the benefit of PAH-targeted therapies is also an evolving field. New composite endpoints of morbidity and mortality (TTCW) used in larger-long-term, event-driven trials offer a more realistic picture of the treatment effect on disease course, but also need improving. Changes in hemodynamic variables are gaining ground as endpoints since they reflect the physiological effect of PAH, have a direct effect on RV function and are thus associated with mortality.
Thermophysiological responses to capacitive resistive monopolar radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation in patients with osteoarthritis of the knee joint: A randomised controlled experimental study
Published in Electromagnetic Biology and Medicine, 2021
To the authors’ knowledge, no similar physiological studies conducted on patients employing RF below the shortwave frequency range have been reported so far. A limited number of such studies employing SWT (Al-Mandeel 2004; Guirro et al. 2015; Teslim et al. 2013) are available. The authors are therefore unable to draw any direct comparisons from the literature. In a study on the physiological effect of pulsed SWT (PSWT) on patients with OA knee, Al-Mandeel (2004) reported similar higher-level skin physiological responses such as SKT and SBF among the patients when compared to those obtained from asymptomatic adults. Similar doses of PSWT were used for both groups of participants. The study also suggested that in either group of participants, the key factor that may have determined the extent of physiological effect might be the applied dose of RF, with a significantly low dose of PSWT proving only as good as a placebo (Al-Mandeel 2004).