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Marine Algae in Diabetes and Its Complications
Published in Se-Kwon Kim, Marine Biochemistry, 2023
The phlorotannins such as phlorofucofuroeckol-A (IC50 2.4 × 103 μM), eckol (IC50 1.6 × 103 μM), phloroglucinol (IC50 2.4 × 103 μM), fucofuroeckol A (IC50 7.4 × 102 μM), dieckol (IC50 7.4 × 102 μM), and 8,8′-bieckol (IC50 6.9 × 102 μM) isolated from E. cava have been reported to exhibit a potent inhibitory effect on the formation of fluorescence-bound advanced glycation end products (AGEs) compared to the reference drug aminoguanidine hydrochloride (IC50 8.1 × 103 μM) (Sugiura et al., 2017). Phlorotannins in the methanol extract of brown algae Padina pavonica, Sargassum polycystum, and Turbinaria ornata inhibited glucose-induced protein glycation and formation of protein-bound fluorescent AGEs. The results revealed that the phlorotannins present in P. pavonica have a potent ability to inhibit the formation of AGEs (IC50 15.16 ± 0.26 μg/ml) than S. polycystum (IC50 35.245 ± 2.3 μg/ml) and T. ornata (IC50 22.7 ± 0.3 μg/ml) compared to the standard thiamine (IC50 263 μg/ml) and phloroglucinol (IC50 222.33 μg/ml). In addition, further in vivo studies confirmed the hypoglycemic effect of phlorotannins present in brown algae P. pavonica, S. polycystum, and T. ornate, which exhibited inhibitory activity on the formation of AGEs in Caenorhabditis elegans (a nematode) with induced hyperglycamia (Shakambari et al., 2015).
Bioactive Compounds in Marine Macro Algae and Their Role in Pharmacological Applications
Published in Parimelazhagan Thangaraj, Phytomedicine, 2020
Subramaniam Kalidass, Lakshmanan Ranjith, Palavesam Arunachalam, Amarnath Mathan Babu, Karuppasamy Kaviarasan
Rich extracts of polyphenol and isolated phlorotannin have the potential to stop the multiplication of cancer cells and to manipulate anti-inflammatory responses (Nwosu et al. 2011). For example, Eucheuma cottonii contains rich polyphenol extracts that have the potential of anti-proliferative activity against human breast cancer cells while they are non-toxic to normal cell lines (Namvar et al. 2012). The extracts of the P. palmate species possess the anti-oxidant activities that are associated with the occurrence of secondary metabolites and function as the UV-absorbing sunscreen molecule (Yuan and Walsh 2006). Most of the phlorotannins that were extracted from Eisenia arborea were documented to have anti-allergic properties. The seaweed extracts of Sargasum hemiphullum (brown algae) are used in the treatment of various allergic diseases and Korean folk medicine (Vo et al. 2012). Phloroglucinol is a derivative of phlorotannin that released a maximum anti-proliferative activity in a human breast cancer cell and stimulates a major proliferative inhibition and apoptosis (Gupta and Abu-Ghannam 2011).
ANTIDIABETIC ACTIVITY OF Hypericum mysorense Heyne
Published in V. R. Mohan, A. Doss, P. S. Tresina, Ethnomedicinal Plants with Therapeutic Properties, 2019
V. Sornalakshmi, P. S. Tresina, K. Paulpriya, V. R. Mohan
The genus Hypericum is a large genus of herbs or shrubs with more than 450 species distributed worldwide. The plants grow widely in temperate regions and are used in folklore medicine in many parts of the world. It has attracted much attention in investigation of metabolites, many of which are biologically active compounds with phloroglucinol moiety (Decosterd et al., 1991). It has been reported that it contains some antiviral prenylated phloroglucinol derivatives (Tada et al., 1991), and variety of compounds such as flavonoids (Chung et al., 1997), xanthones (Wu, 1998a), chromenyl ketones (Wu, 1998b), hyperforins derivatives (Decosterd et al., 1989), n-alkanes (Brondz et al., 1983) napthodianthrones (Kitanov et al., 2001), and essential oil (Cakir et al., 1997). The phytochemistry of Hypericum has attracted the attention of scientists mainly for the two marker compounds, hypericin and hyperforin due to their potent biological activities.
Synthesis of novel tris-chalcones and determination of their inhibition profiles against some metabolic enzymes
Published in Archives of Physiology and Biochemistry, 2021
Serdar Burmaoglu, Ali Osman Yilmaz, M. Fatih Polat, Rüya Kaya, İlhami Gulcin, Oztekin Algul
The mixture of phloroglucinol (8) (1 g, 7.93 mmol), acetic anhydride (2.24 mL, 23.8 mmol), acetic acid (0.45 mL, 7.93 mmol) was heated at 80 °C. After 5 min, MSA (3.1 mL, 15.3 mmol) was added to the mixture and the reaction was stirred at the same temperature for 12 h. Completion of the reaction was monitored by TLC analysis. Then the reaction was allowed to warm to room temperature and water (5 mL) was added to the mixture. The mixture was then extracted with ethyl acetate (2 × 20 mL). The combined extracts were dried over Na2SO4 and the solvent was removed in vacuo. Compound 9 was obtained as a white solid without further purification (1.66 g, 83%). Rf (EtOAc/hexanes 40:60) = 0.93, 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3), δ 17.16 (s, 1H), 2.73 (s, 3H). 13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3), δ 205.2, 175.9, 103.3, 33.1. The 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectra are in agreement with reported data (Tupchiangmai et al.2014).
Phloroglucinol inhibits oxytocin-induced contraction in rat gastric circular muscle and uterine smooth muscle
Published in Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 2023
Wenhui Yang, Hua Guo, Jinbo Niu, Junya Liu, Ran Su, Yingde Bai, Shuang Zhang, Qian Liu, Nan Sun
Phloroglucinol is widely used as a spasmolytic agent for smooth muscle in clinic, and has high application value in the treatment and operation of urinary system and gastrointestinal system (Li et al.2011). It has been successfully used to treat dysmenorrhoea, gastrointestinal colic and severe vomiting (Park et al.2011). In this study, we found that phloroglucinol inhibited the contraction of uterine smooth muscle and gastric circular muscle induced by OT and significantly reduced OT-induced writhing response. Our results were in agreement with those previous reports (Wei et al.2018, Huang et al.2021). Overall, these results suggest that phloroglucinol may be a potential therapeutic drug for dysmenorrhoea.
A review of dexketoprofen trometamol in acute pain
Published in Current Medical Research and Opinion, 2019
By way of comparison, two studies investigated the COX-2 inhibitor parecoxib in patients with acute renal colic. The first showed that intravenous parecoxib 40 mg provided effective pain relief within 2 hours (84% patients achieved at least a 50% decrease in pain scores) and there was no apparent benefit in co-administering with phloroglucinol74. In the second study, intravenous parecoxib 40 mg and intravenous ketoprofen 100 mg were shown to produce similar improvements in pain relief, and also patient and physician assessments of overall efficacy as good or excellent73.