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Novel UV Filtering Agents for Next-Generation Cosmetics: From Phytochemicals to Inorganic Nanomaterials
Published in Madhu Gupta, Durgesh Nandini Chauhan, Vikas Sharma, Nagendra Singh Chauhan, Novel Drug Delivery Systems for Phytoconstituents, 2020
Among organic UV filters, more than 30 molecules have been approved by FDA. Menthyl anthranilate and ethylhexyl dimethyl para-aminobenzoate (ED-PABA) are among commonly used filters. Padimate O is the most potent UVB absorber. The decline in its use, along with the demand for higher sun protection factor (SPF) products, have led to the incorporation of multiple active ingredients into a single product to achieve the desired SPF, replacing single Para amino benzoic acid (PABA) esters. At present, 28 organic UV filters are approved in cosmetics in the European union (Tampucci et al., 2018).
Topical and Systemic Photoprotection of Human Skin Against Solar Radiation
Published in Henry W. Lim, Nicholas A. Soter, Clinical Photomedicine, 2018
Most chemical sunscreens (e.g., PABA, PABA esters, or cinnamates) are narrow-band, UVR-absorbing sunscreens that prevent the penetration of sun-burn-producing UVB (290–320 nm) radiation into skin. For clinical use, they are usually classified as PABA sunscreens, non-PABA sunscreens containing one or two chemicals, and combination sunscreens containing PABA ester, benzophenone, and other UVA-absorbing chemicals (Tables 7–9). Newer sunscreens marketed in the 1980s have been designed to provide a higher degree of protection (SPF> 15–30) over a broader spectrum of ultraviolet radiation extending up to 400 nm, and, hence, can be classified as “broad-spectrum sunscreens.” Many of them are formulated in water-resistant bases. These sunscreens contain two or more ultraviolet-absorbing chemicals (e.g., padimate O plus oxybenzone or padimate O plus Parsol 1789) and some light-scattering agents such as micronized titanium dioxide or zinc oxide (Tables 7–9).
Sunscreens
Published in Dimitris Rigopoulos, Alexander C. Katoulis, Hyperpigmentation, 2017
Padimate O (or octyl dimethyl PABA) is a PABA ester and one of the most common UVB absorbers found in sunscreens today. Both padimate O and its parent compound, PABA, are highly effective UVB absorbers. The latter causes staining of clothing and today is utilized infrequently.
Prospects of topical protection from ultraviolet radiation exposure: a critical review on the juxtaposition of the benefits and risks involved with the use of chemoprotective agents
Published in Journal of Dermatological Treatment, 2018
Nilutpal Sharma Bora, Bhaskar Mazumder, Pronobesh Chattopadhyay
The effect of sunscreens on the estrogen levels of the human body has been a topic of concern since many years. Estrogenic effects have been demonstrated by sunscreen ingredients like padimate O, oxybenzone, homosalate, and octinoxate. These ingredients have found to elevate in vitro proliferation of MC7 cells, a human mammary tumor cell line. Oral administration of octinoxate and oxybenzone has resulted in the dose-dependent increase in the uterine weight of immature Long-Evans rats (92–94). Homosalate and oxybenzone have been found to exhibit anti-androgen and anti-progesterone activity in vitro. Moreover, ingredients with low levels of estrogenic activity individually, have shown amplification in the estrogenic activity when used in combination (95–98). However, there is no general agreement regarding their effective estrogenicity or clinical relevance. Therefore, a long-term safety profile of UV filters is the need of the hour.
Nanotechnology for the development of new cosmetic formulations
Published in Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery, 2019
Ana Cláudia Santos, Francisca Morais, Ana Simões, Irina Pereira, Joana A. D. Sequeira, Miguel Pereira-Silva, Francisco Veiga, António Ribeiro
Other research discusses the encapsulation of padimate-O in bioadhesive NPs (BNPs) to improve sun protection [119]. Many of the hazards associated with sunscreens are related to their ability to reach the epidermal cells and follicles. In this research, the deposition of padimate-O is preventable by the bioadhesive properties of the referred NPs. BNPs adhere easily to the skin, avoiding penetration through the hair follicles, therefore, preventing ROS-induced toxicity, while holding water resistance properties. The in vivo comparison of BNPs and commercial formulations show that BNPs UV protection was higher, and that the administration of BNPs reduces double-strand DNA breaks, thus preventing the sun-induced damage.