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Therapeutic Properties of Fermented Foods and Beverages
Published in Megh R. Goyal, Preeti Birwal, Durgesh Nandini Chauhan, Herbs, Spices, and Medicinal Plants for Human Gastrointestinal Disorders, 2023
The process of oxidation produces free radicals that damage the cell membrane, cell structures including cellular proteins, lipids and DNA. The free radicals can be neutralized to some extent by cellular phospholipids, further production of free radicals’ overloads in the cells and causes certain diseases including cardiovascular disease, liver disease, oral cancer, esophageal cancer, gastric cancer and bowel cancer. Oxidation is accelerated by stress, cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption and exposure to pollution. The enzyme system, such as, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and non-enzymatic antioxidants comprising of vitamin C, tocopherols, carotenoids and phenolic compounds help to prevent cells from oxidative damage.57
Nutritional and Medicinal Benefits of Ficus carica
Published in Mehwish Iqbal, Complementary and Alternative Medicinal Approaches for Enhancing Immunity, 2023
Free radicals are responsible for causing damage to all cellular constituents, including lipids, proteins and DNA, while the damage to the cells in the regular state of redox can give rise to toxic outcomes by means of the synthesis of peroxides (Lobo et al., 2010). There has been a rising interest in utilising strong antioxidants for therapeutic reasons, specifically for the metabolic disorders associated with oxidative stress (Giustarini et al., 2009). The greater antioxidant activity of the various bioactive constituents in the alcoholic extract of Ficus carica fruit also confirmed that it is a possible source of antioxidants with free radical scavenging properties. The malic acid, 5-hydroxymethyl furfural and 2,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl- 2,3-dihydro-4H-pyran-4-one are known constituents in figs and have been stated as strong antioxidants in a number of current and previous research studies (Li et al., 2015; Yoshikoshi et al., 1996).
Diet and health
Published in Sally Robinson, Priorities for Health Promotion and Public Health, 2021
A healthy body produces free radicals as part of its normal cellular processes. We also absorb excess free radicals from air pollution, ozone, radiation, cigarette smoke, sunlight and certain chemicals. Excess free radicals damage cells and tissues through a process called oxidative stress. Atoms normally contain electrons, negative charges, in pairs to keep them balanced. Free radicals have one or more unpaired electrons, so they snatch electrons from other atoms, which causes damage. Oxidative stress leads to low-grade inflammation which is associated with a range of health conditions. Antioxidants can donate electrons to free radicals and stop the damage. They include phytochemicals such as flavonoids and carotenoids. These are within the yellow/red/orange pigments of fruit and vegetablesvitamin Cvitamin Eselenium
Association of Calcium, Magnesium, Zinc, and Copper Intakes with Diabetic Retinopathy in Diabetics: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2007–2018
Published in Current Eye Research, 2023
Han Xu, Xinxin Dong, Jin Wang, Xiaowei Cheng, Shifang Qu, Tingting Jia, Jun Liu, Zhiyao Li, Yan Yao
It was shown that zinc supplementation is beneficial to diabetes mellitus and diabetic complications.40,41 Zinc appears to activate key molecules that are involved in cell signaling, which maintain the homeostasis of glucose.42 The study showed that the glucose level would decrease by 0.0012 mmol/L when the daily total zinc intake increases by 1 mg.43 As we all know, eating foods rich in antioxidants can reduce the degree of oxidative stress in the body. Oxidative stress has been proven to be one of the key factors in the pathogenesis of DR.13 Zinc is an important antioxidant, the results from animal experiments clearly showed that zinc plays an important and beneficial role in controlling hyperglycemia and protecting the retina from the oxidative stress of diabetes.24 Moreover, clinical research evidence shows that zinc can prevent the formation of new blood vessels by inhibiting the expression of VEGF in DR, which is significant to hinder the development and progress of retinopathy.44,45 Therefore, we speculate that higher zinc intake may be beneficial to reduce the occurrence of diabetes retinopathy.
Carbamazepine-induced renal toxicity may be associated with oxidative stress and apoptosis in male rat
Published in Drug and Chemical Toxicology, 2023
Elif Erdem Guzel, Nalan Kaya Tektemur, Ahmet Tektemur, Ebru Etem Önalan
The term ‘’oxidative stress’’ has been described as an unbalance of oxidants and antioxidants in favor of the oxidants, causing various cells, tissues, and organ components damage (Pizzino et al.2017). It is accepted that oxidative stress has an important role in the pathophysiology of kidney diseases (Erdemli et al.2017, Erdemli et al.2018). The kidneys are greatly susceptible to oxidative damage because they have been exposed directly to blood plasma thanks to their open fenestrae, and include a large number of mitochondria, the largest source of oxygen radicals (Eirin et al.2017, Gyurászová et al.2020). For this reason, it can be thought that one of the organs mainly affected by toxic agents is the kidneys and therefore kidney dysfunctions occur.
Oxidative versus reductive stress: a delicate balance for sperm integrity
Published in Systems Biology in Reproductive Medicine, 2023
Niloofar Sadeghi, Guylain Boissonneault, Marziyeh Tavalaee, Mohammad Hossein Nasr-Esfahani
In the 1990s, the benefits of antioxidants to treat some diseases linked to oxidative stress were put forward but conveyed with the false assumption that antioxidants are beneficial regardless of the intake dose. This misconception has changed gradually because of increasing awareness of the critical physiological function of ROS in cellular physiology. However, oral intake of the wrong composition or overdosage of antioxidants is still a typical practice (Henkel et al. 2019; Tesarik 2021). Vessey et al. (2021) conducted a study to assess the potential benefits of oral administration of two commercially- available antioxidants namely L-carnitine and acetyl-L-carnitine (ALC) in two groups of infertile men either with an elevated or normal seminal plasma level of ROS. Interestingly, they reported that sperm function improvement was exclusively observed in patients with increased seminal ROS.