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Role of Medicinal Plants in the Treatment of Hemorrhoids
Published in Megh R. Goyal, Preeti Birwal, Durgesh Nandini Chauhan, Herbs, Spices, and Medicinal Plants for Human Gastrointestinal Disorders, 2023
Yaw Duah Boakye, Daniel Obeng Mensah, Eugene Kusi Agyei, Richard Agyen, Christian Agyare
Iranian traditional medicine Myrtus communis is a popular medicinal plant to reduce the swelling and pain in patients with hemorrhoids. M. communis leaves have been used to cause the cessation of bleeding. The poultice from M. communis leaves is also used for the treatment of hemorrhoids. Sitting in a decoction of M. communis leaves was recommended for anal protrusion.30M. communis leaves contain gallo-tannin-sacylphloroglucinols (myrtucommulone-A and -B), volatile oils (0.1–0.5%), and condensed tannins.57M. communis is mainly used in the treatment of hemorrhoids due to its antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory properties. The major compound of M. communis essential oil, 1,8-Cineole, reduced inflammatory cytokines mediators, TNF-α, and interleukin-6 (IL-6) and inhibited the movement of white blood cells in areas with inflammation.52 The hemostatic and analgesic effects of M. communis essential oil are attributed to the anti-inflammatory effects.30
The Role of Plant-Based Natural Compounds in Inflammation
Published in Namrita Lall, Medicinal Plants for Cosmetics, Health and Diseases, 2022
Marcela Dvorakova, Premysl Landa, Lenka Langhansova
Nonprenylated acylphloroglucinols from the leaves of Myrtus communis L., myrtucommulone and semi-myrtucommulone (Figure 22.4) was able to inhibit 5-LOX and COX-1 in cell-free assays with IC50 values of 5 µM and 8 µM for 5-LOX, and 6 µM and 30 µM for COX-1, respectively. Similarly, the activity of 5-LOX and COX-1 was inhibited in cell-based assays with IC50 values of 1.8 µM and 10 µM for 5-LOX, and 17 µM and 29 µM for COX-1, respectively (Feisst et al., 2005). Moreover, myrtucommulone and semi-myrtucommulone both inhibited mPGES-1 in cell-free assay with IC50 values of 1 µM and 10 µM, respectively, while they did not inhibit COX-2 up to 30 µM (Koeberle et al., 2009).
Perspectives of Nature-Oriented Pharmacotherapeutics for the Effectual Management of Hemorrhoidal Symptoms
Published in Debarshi Kar Mahapatra, Cristóbal Noé Aguilar, A. K. Haghi, Applied Pharmaceutical Practice and Nutraceuticals, 2021
Taranpreet Kaur Bamrah, Mojabir Hussen Ansari, Debarshi Kar Mahapatra
Myrtus communis is a part of traditional Iranian medicine used for treating hemorrhoids. The essential oil present in M. communis improves the bleeding, reduces permanent pain, diminishes pain during defecation, decreases anal irritation, lessens anal itching, and anal heaviness in hemorrhoidal type-I and type-II patients. The anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activities of M. communis are mediated due to the presence of flavonoids.
Myrtenol improves brain damage and promotes angiogenesis in rats with cerebral infarction by activating the ERK1/2 signalling pathway
Published in Pharmaceutical Biology, 2021
Shengming Huang, Zhanguo Tan, Jirui Cai, Zhiping Wang, Yuejun Tian
Myrtenol is a bicyclic alcohol monoterpene which was found in essential oils of several medicinal plants, such as Myrtus communis L. (Myrtaceae), Rhodiola rosea L. (Crassulaceae) (Rosenroot), etc. (Rajizadeh et al. 2019). Several reports have confirmed that myrtenol has anxiolytic, antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antioxidant, and neuroprotectant properties (Rajizadeh et al. 2019; García et al. 2020; Heimfarth et al. 2020). Myrtenol has been used for treatment of anxiety, gastrointestinal pain, inflammations and infections (Moreira et al. 2014; Viana et al. 2016; Gomes et al. 2017). The protective effect of myrtenol against myocardial I/R injury has been demonstrated (Britto et al. 2018). Although multiple biological actions of myrtenol have been reported, there are no studies on whether the myrtenol is an effective multi-target drug to improve cerebral I/R injury.
Efficacy of a vaginal tablet as a Persian medicine product on vulvovaginal candidiasis: a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial
Published in Pharmaceutical Biology, 2020
Somayyeh Khalilzadeh, Tahereh Eftkhar, Laila Shirbeigi, Malihe Tabarrai, Tayebeh Toliyat, Shamim Fayazmanesh, Zeinab Ghasemi, Safar Shamohammadi
One of the options is the use of traditional drugs that have been popular among people for many years. In reliable Old Persian medicine references, such as the Canon of Medicine by ‘Avicenna’ (980–1037 AD), many herbal remedies including the ‘ward’ [Name of Rosa damascena Mill. (Rosaceae) in the Canon of Medicine] were recommended to treat vaginitis (Avicenna 2005). Considering the 10,000-year-old history of Persian medicine, the search for Iranian medical texts that have been used for centuries is a reasonable way to find new drugs, because the use of traditional experiences increases the likelihood of discovering effective drug substances by up to 40 times; this figure is only 1% by random research (Naseri et al. 2012). The anti-inflammatory, antifungal, and antimicrobial effects of these herbs and anti-Candida effect of Rosa damascena, Punica granatum L. (Punicaceae), and Myrtus communis L. (Myrtaceae) have been confirmed in numerous articles regarding conventional medicine (Kaur et al. 2004; Hayder et al. 2008; Boskabady et al. 2011; Hosseinzadeh et al. 2011; Shema-Didi et al. 2012; Anibal et al. 2013; Shin et al. 2015; Hosseini et al. 2016; Masoudi et al. 2017; Liu et al. 2018; Khalilzadeh et al. 2019). It is also recommended to use astringent and aromatic herbs in the treatment of vaginitis in Persian medicine resources (Azamkhan 2008). We investigated, in a randomised controlled trial, the influence of a vaginal tablet based on the ‘ward’ (Rosa damascena) on VVC (Table 1).
A comparative study of ranitidine and quince (Cydonia oblonga mill) sauce on gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) in pregnancy: a randomised, open-label, active-controlled clinical trial
Published in Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 2018
Afsaneh Shakeri, Mohammad Hashem Hashempur, Mahdieh Mojibian, Fatemeh Aliasl, Soodabeh Bioos, Fatemeh Nejatbakhsh
Iberogast is another popular herbal remedy for a variety of GE diseases. However, a meta-analysis which focussed on its efficacy concluded that it has no promising effect on GERD treatment (Melzer et al. 2004). Another medicinal herb for the GERD management is Myrtus communis. In a clinical trial by Zohalinezhad et al. (2016) a freeze-dried powder of myrtle was used for patients with GERD. Myrtle had the same efficacy in comparison with omeprazole (Zohalinezhad et al. 2016). There are several herbs which were reported as the popular natural home remedies for pregnancy-related GERD. For example, ginger, chamomile, thyme, valerian, fenugreek, green tea, and olibanum are used worldwide for this disease. However, there are trace data about their safety and efficacy. Hence, an evidence-based approach is necessitated (Holst et al. 2011; John and Shantakumari 2015; Kennedy et al. 2013; Qasemzadeh et al. 2015).