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Pyrilamine
Published in Anton C. de Groot, Monographs in Contact Allergy, 2021
A 59-year-old woman was stung by several European hornets, and developed redness, edema and oozing around the stings, measuring up to 4-5 cm. She treated these with 5 non-prescription topical itch-relieving products. During the next 2 days, the skin reaction progressed and expanded to the face, neck, and upper extremities, as widespread dermatitis with vesicles. Patch tests showed extreme positive reactions (+++) to three of the patient’s itch-relieving products, which all contained mepyramine (pyrilamine). Supplementary tests were negative to a number of their ingredients, but positive to pyrilamine maleate 1% in pet. on D4 (2).
Mast Cell and Muscle Interactions in Animals and Man
Published in William J. Snape, Stephen M. Collins, Effects of Immune Cells and Inflammation on Smooth Muscle and Enteric Nerves, 2020
Dianne L Vermillion, Stephen M Collins, Jan D Huizinga
Since human mast cells release histamine, we examined the response of taenia coli to histamine. Histamine induced contractile activity in muscle strips prepared from taenia coli. The histamine H1 antagonist mepyramine maleate, but not the H2 antagonist ranitidine, inhibited this contractile response to histamine. The anti-IgE response of these tissues was also inhibited by mepyramine.
Eosinophils and New Antihistamines
Published in Gerald J. Gleich, A. Barry Kay, Eosinophils in Allergy and Inflammation, 2019
Twenty-four hours after an active anaphylactic shock induced by inhalation of antigen in conscious guinea pigs sensitized by ovalbumin, a noteworthy bronchial inflammation, characterized by increased numbers of neutrophils, mononuclear cells, and eosinophils in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, was observed. Some H1 antagonists were studied in this model. Mepyramine at a dose of 5 mg/kg, i.p. given just before and 5 h after the allergen challenge was reported to be inactive for eosinophil recruitment (13). However, when the dose was increased (30 mg/kg, p.o., 24 h and 2 h before and 4 h after challenge), significant protection was achieved with mepyramine (14). Chlorpheniramine (0.1 mg/kg, s.c.) provided a small (29% inhibition), nonsignificant protection (15). This negative result may have been due to the small dosage used in this trial. Pretreatment with loratadine (0.4 mg/kg) caused a 43% reduction in eosinophils in the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) (16); by contrast, cetirizine (10 mg/kg) did not influence eosinophil influx (17).
Silencing of H4R inhibits the production of IL-1β through SAPK/JNK signaling in human mast cells
Published in Journal of Receptors and Signal Transduction, 2018
Angel Jemima Ebenezer, Kavya Prasad, Sanjana Rajan, Elden Berla Thangam
We also studied the effect of H1R and H4R antagonists on His and 4-MH induced SAPK/JNK phosphorylation in HMCs. It is noteworthy that both His and 4-MH induced the H4R mediated phosphorylation of SAPK/JNK signaling pathways in HMC-1 cells as shown in Figure 6. We also found that pretreatment with H4R antagonist JNJ decreased the phosphorylation of SAPK/JNK. Whereas, there is no inhibition was observed with the H1R antagonist mepyramine.