China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Mitral Valve Prolapse
Published in Charles Theisler, Adjuvant Medical Care, 2023
Magnesium: Clinical symptoms of weakness, chest pain, dyspnea, palpitations, and anxiety were significantly reduced by magnesium supplementation (5 mg/kg/day for five weeks).2 For disease of heart valves including mitral valve prolapse, 1,200–1,800 mg of magnesium carbonate taken daily for five weeks has also been used with success.3
The locomotor system
Published in C. Simon Herrington, Muir's Textbook of Pathology, 2020
Bone is initially laid down as a non-mineralized protein-rich form known as osteoid. Over the next 10 days or so, osteoid becomes mineralized to form bone. The mineral matrix accounts for two-thirds of bone mass; its main component is hydroxyapatite (Ca10[PO4]6[OH]2). Substantial amounts of sodium, potassium, magnesium, carbonate, and citrate are also present.
M
Published in Anton Sebastian, A Dictionary of the History of Medicine, 2018
Magnesium Carbonate Probably first used as a medicine by the Count de Palma in Rome. The compound was known to alchemists and is mentioned in Geber’s works. It was introduced into the materia medica by Friedrich Hoffmann (1660–1742). Sulfate of magnesia was discovered in a spring in Epsom, Surrey by a physician, Nehemiah Grew (1641–1712) in 1675. See Epsom Salt.
Preoperative hypomagnesemia as a possible predictive factor for postoperative increase of transvalvular pressure gradient in hemodialysis patients treated with transcatheter aortic valve implantation
Published in Renal Failure, 2022
Satoshi Masuyama, Masayuki Mizui, Koichi Maeda, Kazuo Shimamura, Yusuke Sakaguchi, Masashi Morita, Toru Kuratani, Isamu Mizote, Daisuke Nakamura, Yasushi Sakata, Yoshiki Sawa, Shigeru Miyagawa, Yoshitaka Isaka
Perturbated bone-mineral metabolism is commonly observed in patients with chronic kidney disease and is closely related to vascular calcification and cardiovascular diseases. Generally, vascular and valvular calcification is more prominent in HD patients than in non-HD patients. Active inducers of calcification including secondary hyperparathyroidism, hyperphosphatemia, hypercalcaemia, oxidative stress and uremic toxins could be responsible for both vascular and valvular calcification [15]. Mg is the fourth most abundant cation dominantly in the bone and also work as an inhibitor of calcification via preventing phosphate-induced osteogenic differentiation. Magnesium also was reported to suppress vascular calcification by activating TRPM7, inducing expression of anti-calcification proteins (osteopontin, BMP-7, matrix Gla protein), and inhibiting Wnt/β catenin signaling [16–18]. In clinical studies, some report that Mg can prevent coronary artery calcification in patients with chronic renal failure [19,20], that magnesium carbonate administration reduces the severity of ectopic calcification [21,22]. Some cohort studies have reported associations between interventions on sMgs and cardiovascular outcomes and aortic valve calcification [15,23].
Scottsdale Magnesium Study: Absorption, Cellular Uptake, and Clinical Effectiveness of a Timed-Release Magnesium Supplement in a Standard Adult Clinical Population
Published in Journal of the American College of Nutrition, 2018
Decker Weiss, Debra K. Brunk, Dennis A. Goodman
Magnesium supplementation can correct for reduced intake, increased magnesium loss from poor absorption, or increased needs linked to chronic disease. However, supplementing magnesium in recommended or therapeutic doses can cause undesirable side effects if it is not absorbed well in the small intestine. Malabsorption may create an osmotic gradient in the colon, resulting in loose stools or diarrhea (1). Many cost-effective retail-grade supplements contain magnesium oxide or magnesium carbonate; however, bioavailability of these forms is very low and often results in negative gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms (8). Magnesium glycinate, threonate, and malate, found in more expensive physician-grade supplements, are magnesium salts of organic acids with higher bioavailability, increasing absorption and minimizing GI discomfort (8). Magnesium malate is a combination of magnesium and malic acid, a weak organic acid found in fruits and vegetables. This form of magnesium is highly soluble in the body and is therefore well absorbed (9).
Sucroferric oxyhydroxide for the treatment of hyperphosphatemia
Published in Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy, 2018
Stuart M. Sprague, Jürgen Floege
Magnesium-containing phosphate binders, such as magnesium hydroxide and magnesium carbonate, have been utilized in clinical practice for several decades [19]. Although these agents can effectively lower serum phosphorus levels, the potential for hypermagnesemia and the requirement to monitor serum magnesium levels limit their use [19]. Magnesium carbonate is also combined with calcium acetate into a fixed-dose combination phosphate binder, calcium acetate/magnesium carbonate [20].