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Psychotropic Use during Pregnancy
Published in “Bert” Bertis Britt Little, Drugs and Pregnancy, 2022
Loxapine, a dibenzoxazepine derivative, is used to treat schizophrenia. No information on the use of this tricyclic antipsychotic during pregnancy in humans has been published as of 2020. In mice and rats whose mothers were treated with loxapine during embryogenesis, a low incidence of exencephaly and an increase in fetal loss was observed in only one mouse litter out of 20 studied (Mineshita et al., 1970).
Immunosuppressants, rheumatic and gastrointestinal topics
Published in Evelyne Jacqz-Aigrain, Imti Choonara, Paediatric Clinical Pharmacology, 2021
Evelyne Jacqz-Aigrain, Imti Choonara
A study of 12 children (aged 5–12 years) over a 10-week period showed that haloperidol is superior to other agents at a dose of 20 to 120 mcg/kg/day (0.5 to 3.5 mg/day) [35]. Therapeutic response to haloperidol is negatively correlated to duration of illness and positively correlated to the age of the patient and his/her level of intellectual functioning. Pool’s study [36] of 75 adolescents (aged 13–18 years) compared haloperidol (2 to 6 mg/day), loxapine (510 to 200 mg/day), and placebo. Both active agents were superior to placebo, particularly for those patients who were most severely disturbed; haloperidol had milder sedative effects.
Psychiatric Disorders and Epilepsy
Published in Stanley R. Resor, Henn Kutt, The Medical Treatment of Epilepsy, 2020
Gregory L. Krauss, Ronald P. Lesser
Medication interactions: The most commonly reported drug interactions are: (1) decreases in neuroleptic and tricyclic levels with enzyme-inducing AEDs (see Chapter 3), (2) increases in PHT levels when used with certain antidepressants or neuroleptics (loxapine may decrease PHT levels), and (3) increased CBZ levels with fluoxetine (52,53).
The discovery and development of inhaled therapeutics for migraine
Published in Expert Opinion on Drug Discovery, 2019
Nicolas Vandenbussche, Peter J Goadsby
Loxapine, a first-generation antipsychotic drug, is used for the treatment of agitation in patients with bipolar disorders and schizophrenia. The drug was redeveloped to be used as an inhaled powder by using the Staccato® drug delivery system (Adasuve®). In trials for the treatment of agitation, it was generally well tolerated with most common side effects being dysgeusia and sedation [47]. Interestingly, in trials for agitation, headache as an AE in the active arm was present in lower rates compared to the placebo arm [47]. Use of the Staccato® inhaler with loxapine showed good results in terms of pharmacokinetics with maximum concentration reached within 2 min after inhalation of the 10 mg dose compared to IV equivalent dosing [48].
Fifty years of experience with loxapine for the rapid non-coercive tranquilization of acute behavioral disturbances in schizophrenia patients, and beyond
Published in Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics, 2022
Philippe Nuss, Emmanuelle Corruble, Emmanuelle Baloche, Ricardo P. Garay, Pierre-Michel Llorca
Loxapine was introduced in the 1970s as an antipsychotic medication to treat schizophrenia [32,34]. Being the only representative of a new family of APs (dibenzoxazepines, Figure 1), preclinical studies, early clinical trials, and practice were conducted in order to identify original properties capable of promoting its development in the field of interventional psychiatry. The strong sedative effects found in animals [10,11,14] and humans [15–17,73–83], as well as its anxiolytic effects [88,89], firstly aroused great interest in developing loxapine for rapid tranquilization before the initiation of a stabilization treatment with oral loxapine succinate (tablets or capsules).
Association between myocarditis and antipsychotics other than clozapine: a systematic literature review and a pharmacovigilance study using VigiBase
Published in Expert Review of Clinical Pharmacology, 2022
Carlos De Las Cuevas, Emilio J. Sanz, Christopher Rohde, Jose de Leon
Other antipsychotics generated a small number of reports in the absence of clozapine (Table 4). After excluding duplications and co-prescriptions, Table 6 describes 27 myocarditis cases potentially associated with antipsychotic monotherapy other than olanzapine and quetiapine and 3 scored cases (1 possible and 2 probable). The two probable cases included an intentional overdose on loxapine and the use of a high dosage (850 mg/day) for 6 days on an antipsychotic mainly used in France, called cyamemazine.