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Alzheimer's Disease (AD)
Published in Charles Theisler, Adjuvant Medical Care, 2023
Flavonol kaempferol is the most effective of three flavonoids with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties in reducing the risk of Alzheimer’s disease. The rate of developing AD was reduced by 50% among individuals reporting high intake of kaempferol and by 38% for high intake of the flavonols myricetin and isorhamnetin. Kaempferol is readily available in green leafy vegetables (e.g., kale, beans, tea, spinach, and broccoli), fruits (e.g., grapes and strawberries), and also as a supplement.27
Bone Regeneration Effect of Cassia occidentalis Linn. Extract and Its Isolated Compounds
Published in Brijesh Kumar, Vikas Bajpai, Vikaskumar Gond, Subhashis Pal, Naibedya Chattopadhyay, Phytochemistry of Plants of Genus Cassia, 2021
Brijesh Kumar, Vikas Bajpai, Vikaskumar Gond, Subhashis Pal, Naibedya Chattopadhyay
The anti-oxidant effect of kaempferol in osteoblasts has been studied. 2-Deoxy-D-ribose (dRib) is a sugar with a high reducing capacity and induces oxidative stress and kaempferol mitigates dRib-induced oxidative stress in MC3T3-E1 cells by reducing malondialdehyde content (Suh et al., 2009). Kaempferol is also known to activate both ERα- and ERβ transactivation and promote the expression of osteogenic genes (Guo et al., 2012; Tang et al., 2008). In MC3T3-E1 cells, induction of differentiation by kaempferol was accompanied by autophagy assessed by the expression of beclin-1, sequestosome-1, and conversion of LC3-II to LC3-I (Kim et al., 2016). Kaempferol also protects osteoblasts against dexamethasone-induced apoptosis through the activation of the ERK pathway (Adhikary et al., 2018). Together the data suggest that kaempferol promotes osteogenic differentiation, protects against oxidative stress, and drug-induced apoptosis. The signaling mechanisms are varied including ER, BMP, mTOR and autophagy pathways.
Apiaceae Plants Growing in the East
Published in Mahendra Rai, Shandesh Bhattarai, Chistiane M. Feitosa, Ethnopharmacology of Wild Plants, 2021
Sherweit El-Ahmady, Nehal Ibrahim, Nermeen Farag, Sara Gabr
The hepatoprotective and antioxidant activity of methanolic extract of D. carota seeds was studied in experimental rats. A significant decrease in liver enzymes, serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT), serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in blood serum with significant increase in superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GRD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and lipid peroxidation (LPO) was estimated in all drug-treated groups (Singh et al. 2012). The extracts significantly lowered the serum levels of SGOT, SGPT, ALP, lactate dehydrogenase, sorbitol and glutamate dehydrogenase elevated by CCl4-induction in mice (Bishayee et al. 1995). The hepatoprotective effect of kaempferol isolated from D. carota leaves was tested in paracetamol induced liver damage of albino rats. In a dose dependent manner, oral treatment with kaempferol reversed all the serum and liver parameters (Jain et al. 2012).
Possible radioprotection of submandibular glands in gamma-irradiated rats using kaempferol: a histopathological and immunohistochemical study
Published in International Journal of Radiation Biology, 2023
Salwa Farid Ahmed, Noura Mohammed Bakr, Nora Abdelgawad, Dina W. Bashir
Kaempferol, a natural flavonol-type flavonoid, is found in various fruits and vegetables including beans, broccoli, cabbage, gooseberries, grapes, kale, strawberries, tomatoes, citrus fruits, brussels sprouts, apples, grapefruits, and different medicinal plants (Li et al. 2015; Sharifi-Rad et al. 2018). Kaempferol and its glycosylated derivative exert several pharmacological activities, including antioxidant (Suchal et al. 2016), antidiabetic (Chandramohan et al. 2015), anticancer (Yi et al. 2016), and anti-inflammatory effects (Ren et al. 2019). It plays a positive modulating role in inflammatory-mediated conditions, such as cancers, cardiovascular, and neurodegenerative diseases by inhibiting inflammatory cell function and downregulating of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines (Devi et al. 2015). Therefore, this study was designed to evaluate the possible protective effects of kaempferol on the SMGs of rats exposed to fractionated gamma irradiation similar to fractionated therapeutic protocols used in humans.
Kaempferol alleviates LPS-ATP mediated inflammatory injury in splenic lymphocytes via regulation of the pyroptosis pathway in mice
Published in Immunopharmacology and Immunotoxicology, 2019
Changliang He, Jia Yang, Xiaolin Jiang, Xiaoxia Liang, Lizi Yin, Zhongqiong Yin, Yi Geng, Zhijun Zhong, Xu Song, Yuanfeng Zou, Lixia Li, Wei Zhang, Cheng Lv
First, the cytotoxicity assay showed that kaempferol did not cause a significant rise in toxicity in SLCs at concentrations of 0–100 µM during 24 h. Unexpectedly, we found that kaempferol had proliferative potential in SLCs. Lymphocyte proliferation was directly linked to immunocyte vitality, which is essential for physiological function and humoral and cellular immunity [36]. Our results indicate that kaempferol may render an immunologic enhancement to immune system through the promotion of lymphocyte growth. While these data contradicted Mu et al.’s study [37], it is possible that this discrepancy was a result of a difference in kaempferol concentration treatment times. Kaempferol is a dietary flavonoid found in many plants. The majority of previous investigations have found that kaempferol has beneficial properties as an antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic, and anti-cancer agent [26]. Based on our model of inflammatory injury, we observed that kaempferol had an integrative effect as both an anti-inflammatory with antiapoptotic factor.
Mechanochemical preparation of kaempferol intermolecular complexes for enhancing the solubility and bioavailability
Published in Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy, 2018
Wenhao Xu, Murong Wen, Jingbo Yu, Qihong Zhang, Nikolay E. Polyakov, Alexandr V. Dushkin, Weike Su
Kaempferol, a natural flavonol, possesses numerous pharmacological properties, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, cardioprotective, neuroprotective, and antidiabetic activities [1,2]. Diabetes mellitus is generally characterized by hyperglycaemia and poor metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins [3]. Roughly, 422 million of global adult population was suffering from this endocrinal disorder in 2014 [4]. Different structural features of kaempferol, such as the presence of a double bond at C2=C3 in conjugation with an oxo group at C4, and abundant hydroxyl groups bounding at C3, C5, and C4’, can render antioxidant property to the molecule [5,6]. Oxidative stress may arise to excess free radicals or depleted antioxidative enzyme system, which may destroy the beta cells, trigger insulin resistance, and eventually precipitate diabetes [7]. However, low aqueous and lipid solubility of kaempferol limit its passage across biological membranes and makes the molecule poorly bioavailable [8]. An effective and novel formulation of kaempferol can improve its bioavailability and efficacy.