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Biological Response Modifiers and Chemotherapeutic Agents that Alter Interleukin 2 Activities
Published in Ronald H. Goldfarb, Theresa L. Whiteside, Tumor Immunology and Cancer Therapy, 2020
William L. West, Allen R. Rhoads, Clement O. Akogyeram
Swainsonine, an indolizidine alkaloids, has generated interest in its potential use as an anticancer agent with reports that it: (i) inhibits tumor growth and metastasis (41), (ii) augments natural killer (NK) and macrophage-mediated tumor cell killing (42) and (iii) stimulates bone marrow cell proliferation (43). The antineoplastic activity of swainsonine can be explained, at least in part, by augmentation of immune effector mechanisms (44,45).
Swainsonine inhibits proliferation and collagen synthesis of NIH-3T3 cells by declining miR-21
Published in Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology, 2019
Chao Li, Peipei Wang, Ziyang Fu, Yongtao Li, Shouju Li
Swainsonine (SW, CAS number: 72741–87-8, Figure 1) is an indolizidine alkaloid first discovered in Swainsona canescens and widely disturbed in a number of plants worldwide [6]. Currently, there are three pathways for SW production: isolation from infected plants, synthesis using chemical methods and fermentation from fungi [7]. Previous studies proved that SW could serve as a special inhibitor of α-mannosidase II in the Golgi complex to influence the synthesis of a number of carbohydrates, glycoproteins and glycolipids in cells, as well as reduce the concentration of oligosaccharides at the cell surface [7,8]. Chotai et al. reported that SW could uptake into normal human fibroblasts in culture [9]. Cenci et al. indicated that SW could induce the accumulation of mannose-rich oligosaccharides in human fibroblasts [10]. However, until now, no any literature is available concerning the effects of SW on fibroblasts proliferation and collagen synthesis.
Alkaloids as the natural anti-influenza virus agents: a systematic review
Published in Toxin Reviews, 2018
Mohammad-Taghi Moradi, Ali Karimi, Zahra Lorigooini
Using on line database search, only 10 in vitro and 3 in vivo (in mice) published reports were found to examine alkaloids for inhibition of influenza virus with no reports on related clinical trial investigation. In the reports reviewed, anti-influenza activity of 43 alkaloids, from six classes, contain Indole, Isoquinoline, Indolizidine, Thioester-bearing, Piperidine, and Quinolizidine alkaloids isolated from plants, fungi, and bacteria were investigated. According to some of these results, indole, isoquinoline, and quinolizidine alkaloids were subjected to most investigation about their activities against influenza virus. Also, based on the results of two studies, various derivatives of hirsutine (Takayama et al., 1997) and aloperine (Dang et al., 2014) prepared in order to find further efficient compounds and to detect the essential structural moieties in the molecules studied. The reviewed data showed that some of the alkaloids include mitraciliatine, hirsutine, β-ethoxy ,and na-methylindole derivative of hirsutine, hirsuteine, with selectivity index (SI) of 76.8, 58.8, 36.6, 15.8, and 14, respectively from indole alkaloids, and berberine, (–)-thalimonine, (–)-thalimonine-N-oxide, 11-hydroxy vittatine and hemanthamine with SI of >2500, 640, 60, >41, and 34, respectively from isoquinoline alkaloids, and homonojirimycin from piperidine alkaloids with SI of 17.9 and lycorine from indolizidine alkaloids with SI of >45 were highly effective against influenza virus in vitro. Data of these published studies are summarized in Table 1. Moreover, structure of the main alkaloids has been indicated in the Figure 1.
Inhibitory activities of indolizine derivatives: a patent review
Published in Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Patents, 2020
Kamal M. Dawood, Ashraf A. Abbas
In addition, further examples of bioactive indolizidine alkaloids are monomorine (3) (pharaoh’s ant Monomorium pharaonis) [22], ipalbidine (4) [23], and harmicine (5) (antileishmanial and antinociceptive agent) [24]. Polygonatines A and B (6) (Figure 1), are also indolizine alkaloids isolated from the Polygonatum sibiricum rhizomes Redoute (Liliaceae) in 1997 and were used for the treatment of bronchial diseases in traditional Chinese medicine [25,26]. Juliflorine (7) is also an indolizine alkaloid and was reported as a leading compound for Alzheimer’s disease therapy [27].