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Functional Properties of Milk Yam (Ipomoea Digitata L.)
Published in Megh R. Goyal, Hafiz Ansar Rasul Suleria, Ramasamy Harikrishnan, The Role of Phytoconstitutents in Health Care, 2020
K. M. Vidya, N. S. Sonia, P. C. Jessykutty
Seeds and vine cuttings, having 1–2 nodes, are usually used for propagation. Both will form a caudex. In vitro multiplication, callogenesis, and indirect shoot regeneration in Ipomoea digitata L. was studied by Islam and Bari [36], who reported that MS media containing 1.0 mg/l BAP and 0.5 mg/l IAA could have 95% shoot regeneration and highest number of shoots per culture (6 numbers). For internodal explants, profuse callus induction (85%) was observed to be effective in MS media containing 1.0 mg/l 2, 4-D and 1.0 mg/l BAP. Islam et al., [37] developed a protocol for in-vitro callus induction, by culturing young stems in Murashige-Skoog’s (MS) medium supplemented with 6-benzyl amino purine (BAP), 2-4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2, 4-D), indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), etc. MS medium fortified with BAP (2.0 mg/ml) produced the best callus having a whitish green color, granular, and hard in nature. MS medium supplemented with 2, 4-D (1.0 mg/ml) produced light brown and loose callus, which is beneficial for inducing faster callogenesis.
In Vitro Calli Induction, Biomass Accumulation and Different Biological Activity of Leucas aspera (willd.) Linn.
Published in Parimelazhagan Thangaraj, Medicinal Plants, 2018
Masilamani Sri Devi, Krishnamoorthy Vinothini, Blassan P. George, Sudharshan Sekar, Heidi Abrahamse, Bettine van Vuuren, Arjun Pandian
(NH4)2NO3, KNO3, CaCl2·2H2O, MgSO4·7H2O, KH2PO4, MnSO4·4H2O, ZnSO4·7H2O, H3BO3, Na2MoO4·4H2O, CuSO4·5H2O, CoCl2·6H2O, Na2EDTA, KI, FeSO4·7H2O, thiamine HCl, pyridoxine HCl, nicotinic acid, meso-inositol, glycine, sucrose, agar, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), benzyl amino purine (BAP), kinetin (KIN), gibberellic acid GA3), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), phosphate buffer saline (PBS) hexane, ethyl acetate, acetone, chloroform and carbinol were all present. Analytical grade chemicals were supplied by Hi-Media, SRL, Merck and Sigma chemicals.
Horticultural Management of Syzygium cumini
Published in K. N. Nair, The Genus Syzygium, 2017
S. K. Tewari, Devendra Singh, R. C. Nainwal
There is no commercial practice of propagating jamun by cuttings. Bose et al. (2001) reported 45% rooting with 100 ppm indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and 40% with 100 ppm indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) treatments. It was observed that tip cuttings of Syzygium javanicum rooted well under intermittent mist, and treatment with IBA at 5000 ppm produced 100% rooting.
Discovery of indole-3-butyric acid derivatives as potent histone deacetylase inhibitors
Published in Journal of Enzyme Inhibition and Medicinal Chemistry, 2021
Yiming Chen, Lihui Zhang, Lin Zhang, Qixiao Jiang, Lei Zhang
Auxins are a group of plant hormones that play a cardinal role in the plant growth and behavioural processes27. Biological effects of naturally occurring auxins in plants include indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), 4-chloroindole-3-acetic acid (4-Cl-IAA), phenylacetic acid (PAA), indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), and indole-3-propionic acid (IPA), have exhibited inhibitory activities against human tumour cell lines28. However, development of auxins as anticancer agents has been rarely reported. In our previous study, a potent IBHA with antitumor activity was derived by substitution of carboxyl group of IBA with hydroxamic acid29. Compared with SAHA, IBHA exhibited reduced activities in the HDAC enzymatic inhibition and antiproliferative assays. Inspired by structures of high potent HDACIs Panobinostat and Dacinostat which have the 3-alkyl indole pharmacophores in the cap region, structural modification was performed to IBHA. In the present study, to enhance the binding affinity of IBA derivatives with HDACs, and improve the antitumor activity of IBA derivatives, phenyl group was introduced to the linker of IBHA. Substituted groups were introduced to the nitrogen in the indole ring, and hydroxamic acid was utilised as zinc binding group (ZBG). Hydrazide has been reported as ZBG with good HDAC inhibitory activity30. Therefore, to investigate the performance of hydrazide in the present structure, hydroxamic acid groups of several active molecules have been replaced by hydrazide groups (Figure 1). The anticancer activities of the derived molecules were evaluated in the enzymatic assay, in vitro cancer cell based screening, apoptosis, and in vivo anticancer test.
Echinacea biotechnology: advances, commercialization and future considerations
Published in Pharmaceutical Biology, 2018
Jessica L. Parsons, Stewart I. Cameron, Cory S. Harris, Myron L. Smith
The discovery of R. rhizogenes-based hairy root transformation systems in higher plants provides other opportunities to engineer useful traits in Echinacea. Again, public acceptance of GMOs may limit the application of this useful technology. As an example, glufosinate-resistance and a fungal resistance chitinase gene were simultaneously transferred into E. purpurea using R. tumefaciens (Hanafy et al. 2010). Considering Echinacea plants in the field are particularly susceptible to weed competition and fungal pathogens, this study represents a useful demonstration model. Several factors are noted to influence Rhizabium-based transformation efficiency of Echinacea, and there is room for optimization. For example, the efficacy of the utilized bacterial strain is important; A4 strains were superior for transforming Echinacea leaf explants, whereas R1000 strains worked best with petioles (Wang et al. 2006). Overall, early development stages, such as cotyledon tissue, are more easily transformed and sonication is up to twice as effective for producing transformants compared to the traditional methods of wounding with a sterile needle to enhance R. rhizogenes-mediated gene transfer (Kumar et al. 2006). Addition of inducers to the medium during co-cultivation of agrobacterium with the plant tissue also improves efficacy. For example, indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) increases production of hairy roots in Echinacea by as much as 14 times (Romero et al. 2009). Other inducers of Rhizobium-associated gene transfer in plants (e.g., 6-benzylaminopurine, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid) have been applied to Echinacea hairy root cultures to improve transformation but their effectiveness relative to no treatment has not been investigated empirically (Trypsteen et al. 1991; Wang et al. 2006).