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Ecology
Published in Paul Pumpens, Single-Stranded RNA Phages, 2020
The UV/TiO2 photoelectrocatalytic system was designed wherein TiO2(P25) nanoparticles were coated onto an indium tin oxide electrode and an electrical potential was applied under black light blue irradiation (Cho et al. 2011a). In this system, the MS2 inactivation was greatly enhanced by anodic potential, whereas cathodic potential completely inhibited inactivation, which was primarily caused by hydroxyl radicals, both in the bulk phase and on the TiO2 surface.
Lab-on-a-Chip-Based Devices for Rapid and Accurate Measurement of Nanomaterial Toxicity
Published in Suresh C. Pillai, Yvonne Lang, Toxicity of Nanomaterials, 2019
Mehenur Sarwar, Amirali Nilchian, Chen-zhong Li
Various insulating materials such as ceramics (e.g., silicon wafer), sapphire glass, and polymers like silicone-based elastomers are good candidates for a substrate material in an ECIS sensor. Newer approaches are mostly focused on the synthesis and application of soft and flexible materials because of their advantages for portable applications. Unsurprisingly, the appropriate choice for electrode material is thus narrowed down to a few options. Conventionally, gold (Au) and platinum (Pt) along with indium tin oxide (ITO) are utilized as electrode material since extensive studies support their promising biocompatibility, durability, and reliability (Sadik et al. 2009; Hondroulis et al. 2010). Furthermore, in the past few years, carbon-base materials with diverse nano-morphologies (nano-tube, nano-sphere, nano-star, etc.) have been at the centre of attention as new candidates for electrodes material (Sadik et al. 2009; Hondroulis et al. 2010).
Occupation-related ILD
Published in Muhunthan Thillai, David R Moller, Keith C Meyer, Clinical Handbook of Interstitial Lung Disease, 2017
Traci Adams, Annyce S Mayer, Craig Glazer, Lisa A Maier
New exposures in the workplace may introduce new Occ-ILDs. Indium tin oxide has recently been described in workers in the flat-panel display industry, primarily in Asia. Exposed workers may develop pulmonary alveolar proteinosis and fibrotic interstitial lung disease (36).
The early onset and persistent worsening pulmonary alveolar proteinosis in rats by indium oxide nanoparticles
Published in Nanotoxicology, 2020
Sung-Hyun Kim, Soyeon Jeon, Dong-Keun Lee, Seonghan Lee, Jiyoung Jeong, Jong Sung Kim, Wan-Seob Cho
Nano-sized indium compounds such as indium oxide (In2O3) and indium–tin oxide (ITO) have been used in various industrial applications such as flat-panel displays and liquid crystal displays because of its unique physicochemical properties including transparency, electron conductivity, and mechanical resistance (Homma et al. 2005; Hamaguchi et al. 2008; Omae et al. 2011; Choi et al. 2012). Workplace inhalation exposures of indium compounds have been reported to produce ‘indium lung disease’, which is characterized by PAP and pulmonary fibrosis (Cummings et al. 2010, 2012; Choi et al. 2013). Recent toxicity studies reported that nano-sized indium compounds produced more severe ‘indium lung disease’ because of its higher deposition and prolonged retention in the alveoli (Bomhard 2017, 2018; Huaux et al. 2018). Furthermore, the increased industrial use and applications of nano-sized indium compounds have raised higher concerns in human inhalation exposures (Tanaka et al. 2010).
Aggravation of atherosclerosis by pulmonary exposure to indium oxide nanoparticles
Published in Nanotoxicology, 2020
Dong-Keun Lee, Hyung Seok Jang, Hyunji Chung, Soyeon Jeon, Jiyoung Jeong, Jae-Hoon Choi, Wan-Seob Cho
Indium oxide (In2O3) and indium-metal hybrids (e.g. indium-tin oxide) have been used for various applications, such as the manufacture of semiconductors (Lee et al. 2011), sensors (Bhardwaj et al. 2015), batteries (Osiak et al. 2013), and liquid crystal displays (Silveira et al. 2015). The annual worldwide refinery production of indium metal was estimated at 720 tons, with China and the Republic of Korea solely responsible for approximately 73% of the total production in 2017 (Ober 2018). Large-scale applications and a high production volume of indium compounds increase the chances of human inhalation exposure, especially in occupational settings. Previous toxicity studies have suggested that pulmonary exposure to indium compounds causes progressive lung injuries, including pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP), granulomatous inflammation, and fibrosis (Bomhard 2018; Jeong et al. 2016; Lison et al. 2009). However, there is little information about the toxicity of nanosized In2O3 particles on extrapulmonary organs.
Ultra-long silver nanowires induced mitotic abnormalities and cytokinetic failure in A549 cells
Published in Nanotoxicology, 2019
Fengbang Wang, Ying Chen, Yuanyuan Wang, Yongguang Yin, Guangbo Qu, Maoyong Song, Hailin Wang
Silver nanomaterials, such as nanoparticles, nanowires, and nanoplates, have gained increasing attention for use in industrial and biomedical applications due to their unique antibacterial, electronic, and mechanical properties (Rizzello and Pompa 2014; Shahid-ul-Islam, Butola, and Mohammad 2016; Yu et al. 2017; Guan et al. 2018). Fiber-shaped silver nanowires (AgNWs) can be used as the base material of flexible, transparent, and conductive products, such as electrodes and film (Langley et al. 2013; Zhang, Yin, and Gong 2016), which are considered to be potential building blocks for the next generation of optical, electronic, and sensing devices. For example, AgNWs have been developed into advantageous candidates for replacing commercial indium tin oxide (ITO) due to the brittleness of ITO films and the scarcity of indium resources (Qi et al. 2015). To improve future possibilities in flexible electrodes, conducting materials, and implantable devices, a large number of AgNW composite materials have been constructed and have shown huge application values (Ahn et al. 2014; Selzer et al. 2015; Liu et al. 2016).