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Herbs with Antidepressant Effects
Published in Scott Mendelson, Herbal Treatment of Major Depression, 2019
The primary active components in Hypericum perforatum are hyperforin and hypericin. However, the plant also contains a variety of phenolics, many of which are known to have salutary effects in the brain, for example, the flavonoids kaempferol, quercetin, and luteolin.3
Natural Products as an Effective Treatment Option for Depression
Published in Vikas Kumar, Addepalli Veeranjaneyulu, Herbs for Diabetes and Neurological Disease Management, 2018
Yogesh Anant Kulkarni, Kalyani Himanshu Barve, Ginpreet Kaur
Hyperforin, a prenylated phloroglucinol, isolated from the flowers of this plant is the most active form and has been reported to treat mild to moderate depression. The mechanisms of hyperforin actions are not yet understood, but may include inhibition of 5-lipoxygenase, high affinity binding to the pregnane X receptor, release of Ca2+ and/or Zn2+ from intracellular stores, and affecting of presynaptic and vesicular uptake, storage and release of neurotransmitters such as serotonin, dopamine, norepinephrine, acetylcholine, GABA, and glutamate. It is also believed that the activity is due to TRPC6 channel activation and hyperforin acts as a protonophore which causes cytosolic acidification, in turn activating the plasma membrane sodium-proton exchanger. Thereby the free intracellular sodium concentration increases and the neurotransmitter uptake by Na+ cotransport is inhibited. Additionally, hyperforin depletes and reduces loading of large dense core vesicles in chromaffin cells, which requires a pH gradient in order to accumulate monoamines.41
Phytopharmacoeconomics
Published in Amritpal Singh Saroya, Contemporary Phytomedicines, 2017
A clear advantage over antidepressants has been demonstrated in terms of the reduced frequency of adverse effects and lower treatment withdrawal rates, low rates of side effects, and good compliance, key variables affecting the cost- effectiveness of a given form of therapy. The most important risk associated with use is potential interactions with other drugs, but this may be mitigated by using extracts with low hyperforin content. As the indirect costs of depression are greater than five times direct treatment costs, given the rising cost of pharmaceutical antidepressants, the comparatively low cost of Hypericum perforatum extract makes it worthy of consideration in the economic evaluation of mild to moderate depression treatments (Solomon et al. 2011).
Effects of Hypericum scabrum L. essential oil on wound healing in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
Published in Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology, 2022
Fatma Ibaokurgil, Betul Apaydin Yildirim, Serkan Yildirim
It is an increase in glucose synthesis as a result of decreased glucose consumption by tissues and enhanced activation of gluconeogenesis in the liver with the admission of glucose into the cells that causes an increase in blood glucose in diabetes. Because diabetes is one of the diseases induced by oxidative stress, using antioxidant chemicals in the treatment of diabetes may be beneficial. Furthermore, the effect of H. scabrum L. methanolic extract on diabetes and diabetic inflammation was investigated, and it was discovered that using the methanolic extract effectively prevented DM in rats33. Hyperforin was reported to lower blood glucose levels in diabetic rats by Ineedi et al.34. While blood glucose levels increased significantly in the STZ-treated groups compared to the control group, HSEO application in the diabetes-induced groups dramatically lowered blood glucose levels compared to the diabetic group, according to the findings of the study.
How can we improve the safe use of herbal medicine and other natural products? A clinical pharmacologist mission
Published in Expert Review of Clinical Pharmacology, 2020
Elena Y. Enioutina, Kathleen M. Job, Lubov V. Krepkova, Michael D. Reed, Catherine M. Sherwin
The clinical report indicates that chronic administration can significantly increase CYP3A4 activity. St. John’s Wort (300 mg t.i.d.) given to volunteers for 14 days induced the activity of CYP3A4, resulting in a decrease in alprazolam half-life from 12.4 hours to 6 hours [40]. A recent systematic review demonstrated St. John’s Wort interaction with conventional drugs results in an increase of area under the curve (AUC) (e.g. cyclosporine, midazolam, oxycodone, digoxin, ketamine, and some others) [37]. These drugs are substrates of CYP3A4 or p-glycoprotein (ABCB1), and an increase in AUC was associated with the amount of hyperforin present in St. John’s Wort preparations [37]. Preparations containing <1 mg/day of hyperforin were less likely to interfere with the metabolisms of conventional drugs.
Investigation the effect of Hypericum perforatum on corneal alkali burns
Published in Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology, 2019
Uğur Yılmaz, Hüseyin Kaya, Murat Turan, Ferda Bir, Barbaros Şahin
There are studies investigating the anti-inflammatory and wound healing effect of Hypericum perforatum on the skin in the literature12–14. Additionally, several studies have reported the antiangiogenic effect of Hypericum perforatum during pathological neovascularization: in their study, Schemp et al.15 found that hyperforin significantly inhibited tumour growth, induced apoptosis of tumour cells, and reduced tumour vascularization; Higuchi et al.16 described a reducing effect of hypericin on the pathological retinal neovascularization in a mouse model of oxygen-induced retinopathy; Lavie et al.17 reported a reducing effect of intraperitoneally injected hypericin on corneal angiogenesis induced by ocular injection of fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF-2). Besides, hypericin is known to induce phototoxicity in human retinal pigment epithelial cells and in human lens epithelial cells but it does not show this effect without visible light exposure18,19. So it is important to take enough precautions like keeping from light before application of this agent.