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Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder
Published in Tricia L. Chandler, Fredrick Dombrowski, Tara G. Matthews, Co-occurring Mental Illness and Substance Use Disorders, 2022
Fredrick Dombrowski, Natasha Chung, Robert Yates
Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity, disorganization, and behavioral problems (5th ed.; DSM-5; American Psychiatric Association [APA], 2013). ADHD commonly presents in childhood and can be a risk factor in the development of a substance use disorder (Adisetiyo & Gray, 2017). ADHD has received greater attention since the 1980s and has shown an increase in diagnoses within the general population (Crunelle et al., 2018). Although ADHD may have more mainstream attention, very little is known about it by the general public, and many counselors may struggle to implement some traditional mental health or substance use tools as the individual’s limited ability to focus prevents them from following up with certain recommendations (Quinn et al., 2017).
EpidemiologySummary of Mental Health of Children and Young People in England (2017)
Published in Cathy Laver-Bradbury, Margaret J.J. Thompson, Christopher Gale, Christine M. Hooper, Child and Adolescent Mental Health, 2021
Include disorders characterised by inattention, impulsivity and hyperactivity. The number of children with a hyperactivity disorder, as defined by ICD-10, is likely to be lower than the number of children with ADHD, as defined by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), as hyperactivity disorders have a more restrictive set of criteria.
Fetal and neonatal medicine
Published in Jagdish M. Gupta, John Beveridge, MCQs in Paediatrics, 2020
Jagdish M. Gupta, John Beveridge
4.11. Central nervous system abnormalities associated with the fetal alcohol syndrome includemild to moderate mental retardationmicrocephaly.irritability in the neonatal period.hyperactivity in childhood.macroscopic changes in the brain.
The efficacy of mindfulness-based intervention in ameliorating externalizing behaviors and attentional concerns among college students
Published in Journal of American College Health, 2023
Shailja Sharma, Ronald Palomares-Fernandez
The BASC-318 was used to measure attention problems and externalizing behaviors. Responses on the BASC-3 generate standard scores (M = 100, SD = 15) on all subscales and composites. Higher scores on the clinical scale (ie, standard Score >70) indicate clinically significant concerns when compared to individuals of that age. Externalizing behaviors and attention concerns selected for this study were anger control, inattentiveness, and hyperactivity in college students. The Externalizing Behaviors scale consisted of total 29 items, including all of the 11 items measuring Hyperactivity, all of the eight items measuring Anger Control, and all of the 10 items measuring inattention. The BASC-3 manual describes the Anger Control index as a measure of the tendency to become irritated and/or angry quickly and impulsively along with an inability to regulate affect and self-control.18 Inattention is defined as a tendency to report being easily distracted and unable to concentrate more than momentarily. Hyperactivity is defined as the tendency to report being overly active, rushing through work or activities, and acting without thinking.18 The Attention Problems scale was comprised 10 items, and the reliability value was computed to be .85 (coefficient alpha) for the age group of 15–18 years. The coefficient alpha reliability for the scale specifically customized for this study was computed to be .92. The BASC-3 also demonstrated satisfactory validity.18
The Importance of Belonging to a Context: A Nurse-Led Lifestyle Intervention for Adult Persons with ADHD
Published in Issues in Mental Health Nursing, 2020
Annette Björk, Ylva Rönngren, Ove Hellzen, Erika Wall
Healthy lifestyle habits are well known to prevent both physical and mental unhealth. According to the WHO, two out of three deaths are related to lifestyle-related diseases (The Lancet, 2018). Adult persons with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have an increased risk of physical and mental comorbidities mainly due to an unhealthy lifestyle (Anker et al., 2018; Instanes et al., 2018; Nutt et al., 2007; Stickley et al., 2017). Persons with ADHD are over-represented when it comes to mental illness. About 85 percent of persons with ADHD have some form of psychiatric co-morbidity (Jacob et al., 2007). Persons with ADHD have an increased coexistence of e.g. depression, stress syndrome, anxiety, bipolar syndrome, emotional instability, personality syndrome and autism (Bitter et al., 2019, Solberg et al., 2019; National Board of Health and Welfare, 2019).
Sleep problems and mental health among young Norwegian adolescents
Published in Nordic Journal of Psychiatry, 2018
Ingebjørg Hestetun, Martin Veel Svendsen, Inger Margaret Oellingrath
Parents gave information about their children’s mental health problems by answering the parental version of the extended Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) [43], which is a 25-item screening questionnaire for assessing mental health problems in children and adolescents aged 4–16 years. Three of the five subscales cover symptoms of psychiatric disorders. In our analyses, we used these three subscales, each with five items. Each item, referring to a possible strength or difficulty, is rated by the parent on a three-point scale as not true, somewhat true or certainly true. The emotional symptoms scale covers problems such as having many worries or fears, and complaints of headaches. The conduct problems scale covers problems such as having a hot temper, fighting, lying, or cheating. The hyperactivity scale covers symptoms such as being overactive, impulsive, and easily distracted. To what extent the child’s problems have an impact on the daily functioning is also rated.