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Herbal Drug Discovery Against Inflammation: From Traditional Wisdom to Modern Therapeutics
Published in Amit Baran Sharangi, K. V. Peter, Medicinal Plants, 2023
Shalini Dixit, Karuna Shanker, Madhumita Srivastava, Priyanka Maurya, Nupur Srivastava, Jyotshna, Dnyaneshwar U. Bawankule
Buddleja saponin IV, an anti-inflammatory compound isolated from Pleurospermum kamtschatidum inhibits the expressions of iNOS, COX-2, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 by blocking NF-κB activation (Won et al., 2006). α-hederin and hederasaponin-C of Hedera helix, and hederacolchisides-E/F of H. colchica origin have inhibited carrageenan-induced acute paw edema in rats. The anti-inflammatory effects of the compounds are reported due to blocking of bradykinin or other inflammation mediators. The structure-activity relationship of saponins suggests that sugars at C3 position and Rha7-Glc1-6Glc moiety at C28 position are essential for the acute anti-inflammatory effect (Gepdiremena et al., 2005).
Immediate Skin Contact Reactions from Plants
Published in Ana M. Giménez-Arnau, Howard I. Maibach, Contact Urticaria Syndrome, 2014
Flemming Andersen, Evy Paulsen
Another popular green pot plant is common ivy (Hedera helix cultivars). The genus Hedera, which belongs to the Araliaceae family of plants, comprises 15 species, and common ivy is also a common weed distributed worldwide, especially in temperate regions. The first report of an urticarial reaction to common ivy was published in 1975: the patient had positive patch test reaction to the plant and her symptoms cleared after avoidance of contact. Testing for immediate hypersensitivity was not performed, and it is thus possible that the patient had contact allergy only.[37] The first case of contact urticaria to common ivy confirmed by positive prick test and histamine release test occurred in a 45-year-old female gardener with a positive prick test to mugwort as well. One of 10 controls with a positive prick test to mugwort tested positive to common ivy, but the histamine release test was negative.[38] In a Danish questionnaire study, the prevalence of rhinoconjunctivitis and skin symptoms was significantly higher in gardeners working with common ivy and weeping fig on a daily basis as compared with a control group of industrial workers and teachers. Rhinitis and urticaria were significantly more prevalent in gardeners, but because they were not examined or tested, the nature and any possible causal relationship between these symptoms and the plants could not be proved. However, in 84% of the affected patients, the symptoms appeared after they began working with weeping fig and/or common ivy.[39] The group of gardeners working as indoor plant caretakers had higher prevalences of mucosal and skin symptoms as compared with gardeners working with propagation of the plants in nurseries: this is in accordance with the findings of Axelsson et al.[20]
Association between ivy leaves dry extract EA 575 prescriptions and antibiotic use, sick leave duration, and repeated infections in adult patients
Published in Postgraduate Medicine, 2022
Karel Kostev, Andreas Völp, Fanny Ludwig, Christoph Strehl, Georg Seifert
Ivy leaf (Hederae helicis folium, Hedera helix L.) dry extract EA 575 has been well established in treating different respiratory diseases [9] and has also been recognized by the Germany Pulmonology Society (DGP) in its guidelines for cough treatment in adults [10]. The results of a randomized, controlled clinical trial (RCT) demonstrated a significant superiority of EA 575 compared to placebo, as well as a rapid onset of action after 48 hours, in the treatment of acute cough [11]. In 2019, Schaefer et al. published the results of another RCT corroborating their previous results and demonstrated the superiority of EA 575 given either two or three times per day over placebo during and at the end of treatment, as measured using bronchitis severity score [12]. In a non-interventional study performed in Latin America in 9657 patients under normal clinical practice conditions and including a large population with a wide age range (0–98 years), EA 575 was found to be generally effective and safe in the treatment of patients with bronchitis [13]. This study also found that concomitant antibiotic use, which was still widespread in Latin America at the time of this study, may increase the relative risk for the occurrence of adverse events, which would clearly support a preference for monotherapy for this indication.
Chemopreventive effect of α-hederin/carboplatin combination against experimental colon hyperplasia and impact on JNK signaling
Published in Toxicology Mechanisms and Methods, 2021
Hoda I. Bahr, Afaf T. Ibrahiem, Attia M. Gabr, Alaaeldeen M. Elbahaie, Hoda S. Elmahdi, Nema Soliman, Amal M. Youssef, Mohamed El-Sherbiny, Sawsan A. Zaitone
Many literatures highlighted the combination of natural antioxidants alongside chemotherapy to improve their activity or combat their side effects in vitro (Jorgensen et al. 2013), in animal models (Ali et al. 2015) and human studies (Chakraborty et al. 2009). For example, Hedera helix (ivy or H. helix; Araliaceae family) is commonly rich in saponins in their leaves (Kim et al. 2017). Saponins derivatives such as α-hederin, β-hederin, δ-hederin, hederacosides A-I, and hederagenin are documented to acquire cytotoxic and antitumor activity (Demirci et al. 2004; Soualeh et al. 2018).