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Psychopharmacology in gastrointestinal cohorts
Published in Simon R. Knowles, Laurie Keefer, Antonina A. Mikocka-Walus, Psychogastroenterology for Adults, 2019
Elspeth Carruthers, Julian Stern
Several reviews have concluded that olanzapine is safe and effective for the treatment and prophylaxis of nausea and vomiting, especially in chemotherapy [55]. A small RCT of flupenthixol and melitracen for FD found a significant improvement in global symptoms compared with placebo, and a systematic review of FD treatment found that antipsychotics such as levosulpiride conferred some benefit versus placebo [56, 57]. Quetiapine has also shown some benefit for GI symptoms in severe refractory FGIDs [32].
Psychiatric disorders
Published in Anne Lee, Sally Inch, David Finnigan, Therapeutics in Pregnancy and Lactation, 2019
The use of depot antipsychotic preparations in pregnancy is not encouraged. There are no published data on the effects of zuclopenthixol, flupenthixol, pipothiazine and fluphenazine depot preparations in pregnancy. These agents cannot, if necessary, be withdrawn rapidly and the dose cannot be reduced towards delivery to limit neonatal withdrawal symptoms. Depot preparations should only be used where compliance is a problem.
F
Published in Caroline Ashley, Aileen Dunleavy, John Cunningham, The Renal Drug Handbook, 2018
Caroline Ashley, Aileen Dunleavy, John Cunningham
Flupentixol is readily absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract after oral use and is probably subject to first-pass metabolism in the gut wall. It is also extensively metabolised in the liver and is excreted in the urine and faeces in the form of numerous metabolites; there is evidence of enterohepatic recycling. Paths of metabolism of flupentixol include sulfoxidation, side-chain N-dealkylation, and glucuronic acid conjugation.
Toxicological exposures reported to a telephonic consultation service at a tertiary care hospital in Lebanon
Published in Clinical Toxicology, 2020
Eveline Hitti, Tharwat El Zahran, Hani Hamade, Rima Kaddoura, Zeina Mneimneh, Brent W. Morgan, Ziad Kazzi
This study highlights other areas that warrant evaluation by policy makers or future research. Deanxit (brand name) was reported in 13 cases (2.7% of total exposures). This drug is a combination of an antipsychotic (flupentixol) and a tricyclic antidepressant (melitracen) and has the potential for severe toxicity in overdose. Regulatory bodies should evaluate whether evidence for its efficacy warrants its use considering its potential toxicity. In addition, the data include four exposures to elemental mercury from accidental exposure to the contents of a broken thermometer. The WHO considers mercury as one of the top 10 chemicals of major public health concern and recommends a phasing out of mercury-containing products in addition to developing a system for safe handling, use and disposal of remaining mercury-containing products [31].
An algorithm to identify the aetiology of crystalline retinopathy
Published in Clinical and Experimental Optometry, 2019
Kelly M Pereira, Joseph Mega, Thomas Cesaro, Amanda Hunter
Toxic or ingested aetiologies most often present bilaterally.2002 Extracting a thorough medical history and determining the location of crystals via different imaging modalities (for example, spectral‐domain OCT) can narrow down presumptive aetiologies by providing the precise retinal location of the crystals. A history of breast cancer with tamoxifen treatment can result in tamoxifen retinopathy including superficial retinal deposits at the level of the nerve fibre layer (NFL) within the peri‐foveal region.2002 Retinal deposits associated with tamoxifen retinopathy are thought to be products of axonal degeneration. Furthermore, the high density of NFL at the macula supports the distribution pattern of retinal deposits.1981 A history of use with oral tanning agent canthaxanthine also results in bilateral inner retinal crystals presenting peri‐foveally.2002 Canthaxanthine is thought to have a molecular interaction with the vascular membrane of arterioles, increasing permeability and distribution of crystals throughout the rich vascular network surrounding the foveal avascular zone.2012 There is also limited evidence regarding bilateral inner retinal crystals associated with ingestion of anti‐psychotic flupentixol.2017 A history of intravenous drug use and bilateral crystal deposits confined within the superficial retinal arterioles suggest talc retinopathy.2002
A systematic review of longitudinal studies investigating the impact of cannabis use in patients with psychotic disorders
Published in Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics, 2021
Maria Athanassiou, Alexandre Dumais, Gismonde Gnanhoue, Amal Abdel-Baki, Didier Jutras-Aswad, Stéphane Potvin
In terms of pharmacological interventions, less than one-third [n = 10] of all included studies reported the type of antipsychotic medication regimen taken by patients. One study [61] exclusively included patients receiving intramuscular injections of flupentixol decanoate. Four other studies noted that patients were predominantly administered atypical antipsychotic medication [42,56,60,77]. Two studies reported the mean antipsychotic dosage in daily haloperidol or chlorpromazine equivalents for cannabis users and nonusers [76,82]. Finally, two studies [59,73] reported the proportion of patients adherent to long-acting injectable medications.