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Anesthetic Recovery
Published in Michele Barletta, Jane Quandt, Rachel Reed, Equine Anesthesia and Pain Management, 2023
Philip Kiefer, Jane Quandt, Michele Barletta
Therapy: NSAIDs for pain (flunixin meglumine, phenylbutazone).Intravenous fluids to support clearance of the myoglobin and renal function.
Clinical Endocrinology of Pregnant Mares
Published in Juan Carlos Gardón, Katy Satué, Biotechnologies Applied to Animal Reproduction, 2020
Daels et al. (1996b) examined the ability of P4 or altrenogest and flunixin meglumine administration to inhibit abortion induced by cloprostenol. Mares were either administered P4 300 mg (q 24 h, IM) or 44 mg altrenogest (q 24 h, PO; “double dose”) beginning either 18 or 12 h, respectively, after the first cloprostenol injection. The P4 regimen was used in eight mares between 98 and 153 days of gestation, and, of these mares, only three aborted. When altrenogest was used in similar fashion in mares between 93 and 115 days of gestation, none of the mares aborted. In the contrary, when 500 mg flunixin (q 8 h, IV) was administered beginning 15 min before the first daily cloprostenol injection, all mares aborted. Thus, P4 or altrenogest supplementation but not flunixin administration blocked cloprostenol-induced abortion at these gestational ages. Taken together, these studies support the concept that progestin supplementation can maintain equine pregnancy when the mares were submitted to PGF2α insults (Daels et al., 1991b, 1996b).
Alcohol self-administration and nicotine withdrawal alter biomarkers of stress and inflammation and prefrontal cortex changes in Gβ subunits
Published in The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse, 2023
Bryan Cruz, Karen Castañeda, Michelle Aranda, Cecilia A. Hinojosa, Roberto Castro-Gutierrez, Rodolfo J. Flores, Charles T. Spencer, Valentina Vozella, Marisa Roberto, Bharathi S. Gadad, Sukla Roychowdhury, Laura E. O’Dell
To compare the effects of nicotine exposure on alcohol SA, the rats were implanted with an osmotic pump that delivered nicotine for the remainder of the study. The rats were anesthetized with isoflurane/oxygen mixture (1–3% isoflurane), and then a semipermeable osmotic pump was placed subcutaneously on the back of the animal parallel to the spine (Alzet® model 2ML2; 5.0 u L/hour; Durect Corporation, Cupertino, CA, USA). The surgical wound was closed with 9 mm wound clips and then treated topically with an antibiotic ointment (Neosporin®). The rats received an analgesic medication flunixin (2.5 mg/kg) to reduce pain. The osmotic pump delivered nicotine continuously for 14 days. The dose of nicotine has been shown to produce reliable nicotine dependence in adult rats within 7 days of exposure (37). The nicotine concentration was adjusted according to the rats’ body weight taken prior to the surgery procedure. In our experimental design, all water controls and alcohol SA rats (that did not receive osmotic pumps) received a sham procedure to control for the effects of surgery (anesthesia and incisions). Thus, control rats received sham surgical procedures involving anesthesia and similar incisions at the same time points when the nicotine-treated rats received a nicotine pump or had the pump removed.
Elevated miR-34a expression and altered transcriptional profile are associated with adverse electromechanical remodeling in the heart of male rats exposed to social stress
Published in Stress, 2021
Diego Andolina, Monia Savi, Donald Ielpo, Margherita Barbetti, Leonardo Bocchi, Donatella Stilli, Rossella Ventura, Luisa Lo Iacono, Andrea Sgoifo, Luca Carnevali
This experiment was designed to evaluate potential alterations in (i) vulnerability to arrhythmias, (ii) hemodynamic parameters, and (iii) myocardial weights in rats exposed to repeated episodes of social defeat. Rats were randomly assigned to RSD (n = 7) or CTR (n = 7) conditions as described above. Two weeks before the beginning of the social defeat stress/control procedure, rats were implanted, under isoflurane anesthesia (2% in 100% oxygen) (Zoetis, Italy), with radiotelemetric transmitters (TA11CTA-F40, DataSciences International, St. Paul, MN) for ECG recordings (sampling frequency 1000 Hz). The transmitter body was placed in the abdominal cavity; one electrode was fixed to the dorsal surface of the xyphoid process and another electrode was placed in the anterior mediastinum close to the right atrium, according to a previously described procedure (Sgoifo et al., 1996). Animals were housed individually post-surgery and were prophylactically injected for 2days with gentamicine sulfate (Aagent, Fatro, Italy, 0.2 mL/kg, s.c.) and flunixin (Megluflen, Izo, Italy, 0.2 mL/kg, s.c.).
Gonadal hormones influence core body temperature during calorie restriction
Published in Temperature, 2019
Rigo Cintron-Colon, Kokila Shankar, Manuel Sanchez-Alavez, Bruno Conti
Data presented in Figure 1, gonadectomy was performed after a month of being back to ad libitum feeding and 2 wk post-surgery recovery, animals were subjected to the CR regimen described below. Gonadectomy in female mice was performed as previously described [19,46,47]. Briefly, the anesthetized animal with isoflurane was placed in ventral recumbency, and the mid-dorsal region was carefully shaved. A small (approx. 0.5 cm) lateral incision was made through the skin of the back of the mouse in the mid-lumbar region. The skin was slid from side-to-side to locate the position of the ovaries beneath the peritoneal wall. While holding the abdominal wall up, a small incision was made in the abdominal wall over the ovarian fat pad and the ovary exteriorized. The ligaments were carefully torn to release the ovary. A clamp was placed across the tip of the uterine horn, and a ligature was placed just underneath the tip of the uterine horn. The ovary/oviduct was removed by cutting above the ligature. The uterine horn was repositioned into the body cavity. The abdominal wall was closed with one or two simple interrupted sutures. This procedure was repeated for removal of the second ovary. The skin incision was closed with vicryl rapide suture. Post-surgery the animal was administered with the analgesic flunixin 0.25mg/ml to reduce pain.