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Monographs of Topical Drugs that Have Caused Contact Allergy/Allergic Contact Dermatitis
Published in Anton C. de Groot, Monographs in Contact Allergy, 2021
Enilconazole is an imidazole antifungal agent used in veterinary medicine and as agricultural fungicide, particularly in the growing of citrus fruits. In veterinary medicine, it is employed in topical preparations for the treatment of fungal infections in cattle, horses and dogs caused by Trichophyton and Microsporum species (1).
Topical Azoles
Published in M. Lindsay Grayson, Sara E. Cosgrove, Suzanne M. Crowe, M. Lindsay Grayson, William Hope, James S. McCarthy, John Mills, Johan W. Mouton, David L. Paterson, Kucers’ The Use of Antibiotics, 2017
Joanne L. Sharp, Michael A. Pfaller
Enilconazole is a topical treatment of canine and equine nasal aspergillosis. It has been associated with excellent success rates (80–100% clinical response) and has improved the management of this previously intractable condition (Kendall et al, 2008; Schuller and Clercx, 2007). In cases in which the organism has invaded the adjacent soft tissues, enilconazole combined with a systematically active drug, such as itraconazole, with or without surgical debridement, is indicated (Claeys et al., 2006).
Implication of metabolomics and transporter modulation based strategies to minimize multidrug resistance and enhance site-specific bioavailability: a needful consideration toward modern anticancer drug discovery
Published in Drug Metabolism Reviews, 2022
Megha Rachmale, Niraj Rajput, Tarang Jadav, Amit Kumar Sahu, Rakesh K. Tekade, Pinaki Sengupta
In cerebro assessment involves the use of literature-based prior knowledge of the functional group and chemical alerts for PXR substrates to avoid its binding with receptor. Knowledge of molecular requirements for PXR substrate can be utilized for early-stage detection of PXR agonist or antagonist molecule to avoid drug-induced change in gene expression of DMET. Ekins et al. (2007), have discussed molecular requirements for binding at the ligand-binding domain of human PXR receptors, which mainly includes imidazole (CDD3501, 3508, etc.), steroids(5a-androstan-3b-ol, lithocholic acid acetate), bi-phenyl (2,2′,3,3′,4,4′,6,6′-octachloro biphenyl), azoles (ketoconazole, fluconazole, enilconazole, etc.) (Ekins et al. 2007). Figure 4 represents different chemical alerts for PXR substrates.