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Title Optimization of the Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extraction of Phytochemicals from Fenugreek Seeds
Published in Dilip Ghosh, Prasad Thakurdesai, Fenugreek, 2022
Aleksandra Bogdanovic, Vanja Tadic, Slobodan Petrovic, Dejan Skala
The most common source of diosgenin within plants is usually plants from genus Dioscorea, followed by T. foenum-graecum L., Tribulus terrestris L. Zygophyllaceae, Smilax china L. Smilacaceae, which are rich in other steroidal sapogenins as well [Ghoreishi et al. 2012; Shu et al. 2004; Yang et al. 2012]. Although fenugreek as a source has a lower level of steroidal sapogenins compared to the Dioscorea species, the easier cultivation of fenugreek and its faster growth make fenugreek competitive and efficient for steroidal sapogenin extraction.
Gestational Weight Gain and Postpartum Obesity
Published in Priyanka Bhatt, Maryam Sadat Miraghajani, Sarvadaman Pathak, Yashwant Pathak, Nutraceuticals for Prenatal, Maternal and Offspring’s Nutritional Health, 2019
Trigonella foenum-graecum, commonly referred to as fenugreek, is an erect annual herb from the soy family that originated from India and North Africa. [46, 47] This has been used as a galactogogue historically, the reason being that it contains significant levels of phytoestrogens. Diosgenin is a phytoestrogen that is believed to be responsible for an increase in milk flow. [42] Habitually, fenugreek tea is prepared by brewing the seeds in boiling water for 20 minutes and it is consumed. This ingredient is also an excellent weight loss supplement, as fenugreek seeds contain saponins and alkaloids as well as soluble dietary fibers, which help increase the feeling of satiety, reducing the wish to eat throughout the day. [46] These seeds have also demonstrated hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects in multiple preclinical and clinical studies, as summarized by Parveen Kumar and Uma Bhandari in the review titled “Common medicinal plants with ant obesity potential: A special emphasis on fenugreek.” [48]
Mode of Action of Selected Botanicals That Lower Blood Glucose
Published in Robert Fried, Richard M. Carlton, Type 2 Diabetes, 2018
Robert Fried, Richard M. Carlton
Diosgenin, GII, galactomannan, trigoneosides, and 4-hydroxyisoleucine have been identified as the active antidiabetic compounds in fenugreek. However, little is known about the mechanisms of these compounds. Among them, diosgenin was shown to reduce adipocyte differentiation and inflammation, implying its action in reduction of insulin resistance (Uemura, Hirai, Mizoguchi et al. 2010).
Advances in research on the protective mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion injury
Published in Pharmaceutical Biology, 2022
Jiexin Zhang, Yonghe Hu, Han Wang, Jun Hou, Wenjing Xiao, Xudong Wen, Tingting Wang, Pan Long, Hezhong Jiang, Zhanhao Wang, Huawei Liu, Xin Chen
Activation of mitoKATP channels can regulate Ca2+ uptake disorder and prevent MPTP opening and ROS formation to resist myocardial ischaemia, which is an important way to improve myocardial injury with drugs (Testai et al. 2021). National herbal medicine assembly records the use of Dioscorea zingiberensis for ‘the treatment of early boils ulcer, bee sting, appendicitis.’ Diosgenin is extracted from the rhizomes of Dioscorea zingiberensis, and an ex-vivo MI/R injury model study found that preconditioning with diosgenin (0.001 μM) can not only reduce the production of inflammatory mediators but also possibly provide myocardial protection by activating mitoKATP channels (No. 13 in Figure 1) (Ebrahimi et al. 2014). Notably, excessive Dioscorea zingiberensis may cause dizziness and other toxic phenomena, so it is critical to study the toxicology of diosgenin before developing a new drug. In addition, naringin (Nari), a flavonoid obtained from the dry outer layer of Citrus maxima (Burm.) Merr. (Rutaceae), has been documented to dose-dependently activate KATPs, especially mitoKATP, to exert a protective effect on damaged myocardia (Meng et al. 2016).
Diosgenin inhibits TGF-β1/Smad signaling and regulates epithelial mesenchymal transition in experimental pulmonary fibrosis
Published in Drug and Chemical Toxicology, 2022
Vadivel Dinesh Babu, Anandasadagopan Suresh Kumar, Ganapasam Sudhandiran
Phytochemicals from herbs have gained enormous attention toward treatment as chemotherapeutic agents. Among these phytochemicals Diosgenin, a bioactive steroidal triterpene sapogenin present in the species of Trigonella foenum graecum and Dioscorea villosa, has greatly influenced the ‘drug discovery’ realm as it is a main precursor in progesterone synthesis. Pharmacological features such as anti-inflammatory, androgenic and contraceptive properties are observed in the seeds and leaves of fenugreek (Premanath et al.2011). Over the past few years, growing body of evidences suggests that diosgenin possesses anti-inflammatory (Gao et al.2013), anti-atherosclerosis (Liu et al.2012), hypoglycemic and anti-cancer properties (Mao et al.2012, He et al.2014, Jiang et al.2016). Accumulating evidences indicate that diosgenin inhibits hepatic and renal fibrosis (Wang et al.2014, Xie et al.2015). However, there is lack of evidence against BLM induced pulmonary fibrosis which mimics human fibrosis. Therefore, in the present study, the fibro-protective effect of diosgenin against experimental pulmonary fibrosis in in vivo and in vitro is studied.
Network pharmacology and experimental investigation of Rhizoma polygonati extract targeted kinase with herbzyme activity for potent drug delivery
Published in Drug Delivery, 2021
Yingqiu Xie, Chengling Mu, Bexultan Kazybay, Qinglei Sun, Aidana Kutzhanova, Guldan Nazarbek, Na Xu, Lazzat Nurtay, Qian Wang, Amr Amin, Xugang Li
The results suggest that diosgenin can interfere with kinase pathways which reregulate cell proliferation. This claim is confirmed by other reports (Shishodia & Aggarwal, 2006; Chiang et al., 2007; Srinivasan et al., 2009). Diosgenin is a natural product of steroidal sapogenin found in plants that inhibits cellular proliferation and induces tumor cell apoptosis through regulation of mTOR, AKT, JNK kinases signaling but direct binding and dephosphorylation are unknown (Shishodia & Aggarwal, 2006). It has been shown in breast cancer cells that diosgenin inhibits AKT activity which is an evidence of diosgenin inhibiting kinase especially AKT or mTOR (Chiang et al., 2007; Srinivasan et al., 2009). Thus our data is consistent with publications and their original data supported our findings. These imply that the RP’s ingredient, diosgenin, is a good candidate to be analyzed further.