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Lipids and Lipid-Like Compounds of Fusarium
Published in Rajendra Prasad, Mahmoud A. Ghannoum, Lipids of Pathogenic Fungi, 2017
A. H. Merrill, A. M. Grant, E. Wang, C. W. Bacon
Addition of betaine, choline, ethanolamine, monomethylethanolamine or dimethylethanolamine (but not of serine, glycine, dimethylglycine, methylamine, hydroxylamine or β-hydroxyethylhydrazine) to the culture medium of F. graminearum increased the colony radial growth rate but no significant difference was observed in the phospholipid composition with addition of 100 μM choline, which increased the mean hyphal extension rate and colony radial growth rate.21
Inflammation
Published in George Feuer, Felix A. de la Iglesia, Molecular Biochemistry of Human Disease, 2020
George Feuer, Felix A. de la Iglesia
Acetylated alkyl phosphoglycerides represent a novel class of lipid autacoids. They exert potent pharmacologic and inflammatory properties. They are produced by a variety of inflammatory cells.369,370 Among these autacoids two compounds have been isolated and synthesized: 1-O-hexadecyl- and l-O-octadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glyceryl-3-phosphorylcholine (AGEPC, Figure 17). In vivo and in vitro studies have shown the ability of these substances to stimulate human platelets304 and polymorphonuclear neutrophils.416 AGEPC is also capable of inducing many well-known signs of acute inflammation.368,369,370 Intravenous infusions of microgram amounts of AGEPC into experimental animals produce all the pathological signs of IgE-induced systemic anaphylactic shock.367 AGEPC also stimulates neutrophil aggregation, secretion of azurophilic and specific granule enzymes, and chemotaxis, showing vasoactive properties and inducing smooth muscle contraction. The AGEPC substance also induces enhanced vascular permeability about 1 to 10,000 times greater extent than histamine or leukotriene D or E,215,216 and about 100 to 1000 times more potent than either serotonin or bradykinin.115,436 Among various analogs, different in the polar head group, only 3-phosphoryl-N-monomethyl-ethanolamine and 3-phosphoryl-N,N-dimethylethanolamine show similar sensitivity to AGEPC.215 It causes erythema and edema in skin and produces transient, severe burning pain.371
Metabolic profile of exhaled breath condensate from the pneumonia patients
Published in Experimental Lung Research, 2022
Xiaoguang Li, Juan Du, Jing Chen, Fei Lin, Wei Wang, Ting-Ting Wei, Jie Xu, Qing-Bin Lu
Base on the differential metabolites between the case group and the control group, KEGG annotation analysis showed that four key different metabolic pathways with P < 0.05, including metabolic pathways, ethylbenzene degradation, taurine and hypotaurine metabolism, and atrazine degradation (Figure 2F). Differential metabolites with KEGG ID involved in these pathways were 5-Aminopentanoic acid, ethylbenzene, cyanuric acid, dimethylethanolamine, benzene-1,2,4-triol, 3-Sulfinoalanine, cotinine glucuronide, and p-Toluenesulfonic acid (Figure 3A–H). Compared between the case group and the control group, the other differential metabolites were significantly upregulated (P < 0.05) except for the peak of cotinine glucuronide and p-Toluenesulfonic acid significantly downregulated.