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Introduction to dermatological treatment
Published in Richard Ashton, Barbara Leppard, Differential Diagnosis in Dermatology, 2021
Richard Ashton, Barbara Leppard
Dimethyl ether/propane gas can be obtained in an aerosol can (Histofreezer or Wartner). The gas is discharged through a cotton bud or directly onto the skin and can freeze the skin to –50°C. This is a useful method of freezing if you only wish to freeze warts very occasionally. Unfortunately there are reports of patients self-treating what has turned out to be squamous cell carcinomas or melanoma (thought to be viral warts or seborrheic keratoses).
Hair Styling/Fixative Products
Published in Dale H. Johnson, Hair and Hair Care, 2018
Joseph A. Dallal, Colleen M. Rocafort
The bulk of all aerosols are pressurized with low-pressure propellants, basically: Hydrocarbons-LPGDimethyl ether1,1-difluroethane (HFC-152a)
Natural and physical preservative systems
Published in R. M. Baird, S. F. Bloomfield, Microbial quality assurance in cosmetics, toiletries and non-sterile Pharmaceuticals, 2017
The uses of gases as product preservatives is a technique widely exploited in the food industry (Clark and TakÁcs 1980). In addition the absence of all gases, i.e. vacuum, has also been used as a means of preservation to extend the storage life of foods (Genigeorgis 1985). Ibrahin and Sonntag (1991 and 1993) investigated the antimicrobial action of butane, carbon dioxide and dimethyl ether which are used as aerosol propellants in the cosmetic industry. They concluded that all three propellants when used individually exerted antimicrobial activity against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria and against yeasts and moulds, with a significant increase in activity at 40°C compared with 20–30°C. A combination of butane/dimethyl ether with carbon dioxide could be used to protect against microbial contamination and spoilage of formulations at different pH levels and different temperatures without significant reduction in activity.
Antiproliferative and cytotoxic effects of sesquiterpene lactones isolated from Ambrosia artemisiifolia on human adenocarcinoma and normal cell lines
Published in Pharmaceutical Biology, 2022
Balázs Kovács, Nikoletta Szemerédi, Norbert Kúsz, Tivadar Kiss, Boglárka Csupor-Löffler, Yu-Chi Tsai, Bálint Rácz, Gabriella Spengler, Dezső Csupor
To assess the in vitro antiproliferative and cytotoxic activity of the isolated compounds a MTT assay was performed using two human adenocarcinoma cell lines (the doxorubicin-sensitive Colo 205 and the multidrug-resistant Colo 320 colonic adenocarcinoma cell lines). Compound 2 exhibited cytotoxic activity (IC50 value of 7.64 ± 0.37 µM) on sensitive (Colo 205) cell line after 24 h of incubation (Table 2). Among the seco-psilostachyinolides, 1 showed the strongest cytotoxic effects with IC50 values of 26.6 ± 0.48 µM on the doxorubicin-sensitive Colo 205 cell line, while compound 4 had cytotoxic effects on the multidrug-resistant Colo 320 cell line (IC50 value 17.7 ± 0.20 µM). In contrast, compound 6 which shares the same seco derivative skeleton had no cytotoxic effects with the tested cell lines (Table 2). Besides the isolated sesquiterpene lactones, the quercetagetin 3,6-dimethyl ether derivative (8) showed no cytotoxic effects on the tested cell lines after a short time exposure (Table 2).
Isolation and characterization of flavonoid compounds from Stachytarpheta jamaicensis (L.) Vahl and its role as anti-gastro ulcerative agent in rats
Published in Biomarkers, 2021
Dina M. Eskander, Wessam M. Aziz, Mahmoud I. Nassar, Manal A. Hamed
Apigenin 7,4′-dimethyl ether (3): Pale yellow powder, [M]−m/z 297, molecular formula C17H14O5, UV: λ max (MeOH) 270, 328 nm. 1H-NMR [DMSO-d6:500 MHz] δ [ppm]: 6.4(d, J = 2.2 Hz, H-6), 6.3 (d, J = 2.2 Hz, H-8), 6.5 (s, H-3), 7.8(s, H-2), 7.4(d, J = 8.4 Hz, H- 2′,6′), 7.0 (d J = 8.4 Hz, H-3′,5′), 3.88(s, 4′-OCH3), 3.89 (s,7-OCH3), 12.8(s, 5-OH). 13CNMR [DMSO-d6:125 MHz] δ [ppm]: 163.9, 104.3, 182.4, 157.6, 98.0 [C (2, 3, 4, 5, 6)], respectively, 165.3, 92.5, 162.5, 105.0 [C (7, 8, 9, 10)], respectively, 123.5 (C-1′), 128.0 (C-2′, 6′), 114.4(C-3′, 5′), 164.0 (C-4′), 55.5(4′-OMe), 55.7(7-OMe). Comparison of the spectral data with literature confirmed compound as apigenin 7,4′-dimethyl ether (Talukdar et al. 2000; Saraswathy et al. 2012).
Topical calcipotriol plus betamethasone dipropionate for the treatment of plaque psoriasis: a drug evaluation
Published in Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy, 2021
Caitlin G. Purvis, Esther A. Balogh, Courtney E. Heron, Steven R. Feldman
In 2015, the novel alcohol-free calcipotriol/BD foam vehicle gained FDA approval for the treatment of plaque psoriasis. Dimethyl ether evaporates after spraying, leaving a supersaturation of the activated compound on the skin, thus increasing penetration and bioavailability [10,43,57]. Calcipotriene plus BD aerosol foam is a spray that is nondrying and has superior efficacy to the combination ointment as well as high-potency topical corticosteroid monotherapy [58]. In total, 1,567 subjects participated in the two phase II and two phase III clinical trials [58–61]. Collectively, the mean modified PASI for patients receiving the calcipotriol/BD foam was 2.09; this was superior to calcipotriol/BD gel group (2.77), calcipotriol/BD ointment group (2.46), BD foam group (3.37), calcipotriol foam group (4.39), foam vehicle group (5.5; 4.3) and ointment vehicle group (4.3). Calcipotriol/BD foam was superior to these respective formulations in terms of percentage of treatment response (defined as ‘clear’/‘almost clear’ with at least a two-step improvement PGA), mean reduction in itch, and proportion of patients achieving PASI 75 and PASI 50 (Table 5) [58–61].