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Nano Delivery of Antiviral Plant Bioactives as Cancer Therapeutics
Published in Devarajan Thangadurai, Saher Islam, Charles Oluwaseun Adetunji, Viral and Antiviral Nanomaterials, 2022
Haripriya Shanmugam, Badma Priya, Manickam Senguttuvan Swetha, Janani Semalaiyappan
Daidzein, primarily extracted from soy, is a naturally occurring phytoestrogen and a potent anti-oxidant. It is an inactive analogue of genistein. Reports suggest that the anti-influenza effects of daidzein are due to its interference with genes that regulate influenza replication (Horio et al. 2020). Daidzein is currently under clinical trials exhibiting anti-tumour effect against breast and ovarian cancer, and significantly increases the levels of apoptosis. Daidzein’s anticancer property is targeted toward cell cycle arrest, hampering the signalling pathways and also controlling metastasis of the tumour cells (Hua et al. 2018).
Chemopreventive Agents
Published in David E. Thurston, Ilona Pysz, Chemistry and Pharmacology of Anticancer Drugs, 2021
Daidzein (Figure 12.15), also known as 4’,7-dihydroxyisoflavone, along with other isoflavones such as genistein, is present in soybeans and soy products (e.g., textured vegetable protein and tofu), and other plants and herbs such as Kwao Krua and Kuzu. Of the total isoflavones in soybeans, it has been reported that daidzein constitutes 37%, with the rest being genistein (57%) and glycitein (6%). Soy germ is reported to contain 41.7% daidzein. Supplements containing daidzein are available worldwide, although manufacturers are not allowed to claim health benefits in many regions including the US, UK, and Europe. Structures of daidzein and its metabolite S-equol, and estradiol for comparison.
Anti-Cancer Agents from Natural Sources
Published in Rohit Dutt, Anil K. Sharma, Raj K. Keservani, Vandana Garg, Promising Drug Molecules of Natural Origin, 2020
Debasish Bandyopadhyay, Felipe Gonzalez
Daidzein (7-hydroxy-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one) is another significant isoflavone from legumes. Itscytotoxic potential was assayed inMG-63, HeLa, A549, BEL-7402, and HepG2 cells (Han et al., 2015). Cell cycle was arrested (G2/M phase) in hepatoma BEL-7402 cell lines. Additionally, there was a down-regulation of Bcl-2, Bcl-x, and Baid proteins and an over expression of Bim protein tempted apoptosis. Daidzain also significantly elevated the ROS level, while promoting an overall inhibition of the mitochondrial membrane potential. In MG-63, HeLa, A549, BEL-7402, and HepG2 cells, the IC50 values of genistein were>100, >100, 97.9±11.3, 59.7±8.1, and >100 respectively. Accordingly, genisteindoes not have effective cytotoxicity in MG-63, HeLa, and A549 cells. This study indicated that daidzein could be chemically modified targeting more active semi-synthetic and subsequent validation of their effects on hepatoma patients.
Novel daidzein molecules exhibited anti-prostate cancer activity through nuclear receptor ERβ modulation, in vitro and in vivo studies
Published in Journal of Chemotherapy, 2021
R. Ranjithkumar, K. Saravanan, B. Balaji, S. Hima, S. Sreeja, S. R. Timane, M. Ram Pravin Kumar, S. Kabilan, M. Ramanathan
The chemical structure of daidzein molecules are similar to the estrogens of mammals and exercise the function of interfering with the estrogen receptors (ER). These daidzein molecules are reported to have a cardinal role in breast cancer, osteoporosis, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases that are linked to estrogen regulation.11 Further daidzein analogues possess anti-influenza activity against H1N1 Tamiflu resistant H1N1 TR virus and anti-melanogenic effect in B16 melanoma cells.12,13 The role of daidzein in anxiety, social behaviour and spatial learning in male Balb/cJ mice was evaluated and it is found to have a significant role on locomotor activity, producing significant effects on mood and social behaviour.14
Consumption of Decorticated Pulses Ensures the Optimum Intake of Isoflavones by the Urban Indian Population
Published in Nutrition and Cancer, 2019
Anuradha Deorukhkar, Laxmi Ananthanarayan
Chickpea, soybean, white pea, pigeon pea (S, D), groundnut, black-eyed pea, double beans, white cowpea, chickpea (S, D) were found to contain higher quantities of daidzein (20.27 mg to 30.86 mg/100 g). Black pea, green pea, lentil (S, D), hyacinth bean, kidney bean, black gram (S, D), chickpea desi (W) and green gram (S, D) were found to contain 10.32 mg to 17.29 mg/100 g. Mothbean, black gram (W), red cowpea, lentil (W), green gram (W), horsegram, and fenugreek were found to contain very low quantities of daidzein (1.1 to 9.4 mg/100 g). Chickpea kabuli (W), soybean, kidney bean and lentil (W) were found to contain higher quantities of genistein ranging from 5.73 mg to 8.65 mg/100 g among the legumes selected for analysis (Table 2).
Toward a better understanding of metabolic and pharmacokinetic characteristics of low-solubility, low-permeability natural medicines
Published in Drug Metabolism Reviews, 2020
Jie Yang, Kailing Li, Dan He, Jing Gu, Jingyu Xu, Jiaxi Xie, Min Zhang, Yuying Liu, Qunyou Tan, Jingqing Zhang
LLNMs may be metabolized into more or less active metabolites, accompanied by a partial increase in or loss of beneficial drug effects. Compared to ginsenoside, its metabolites (such as ginsenoside Rh1 and protopanaxatriol) have more potent functions in improving memory and hippocampal excitability (Yang et al. 2018). Compared to puerarin, its metabolite (i.e. daidzein) has shown higher antithrombotic and antiallergic activities (Wang et al. 2017b). Daidzein has some health benefits including antioxidant and vasodilative activities. The bioactivities decreased when it is metabolized. The activities of its metabolites rank in descending order as follows: O-desmethylangolensin, equol, and daidzein (Choi and Kim 2014).