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Ofloxacin
Published in M. Lindsay Grayson, Sara E. Cosgrove, Suzanne M. Crowe, M. Lindsay Grayson, William Hope, James S. McCarthy, John Mills, Johan W. Mouton, David L. Paterson, Kucers’ The Use of Antibiotics, 2017
Topical ofloxacin ear drops have good activity against the most common pathogens causing otitis externa including the most common pathogen, P. aeruginosa (Klein, 2001). In a study of 314 adults and 287 children with acute uncomplicated otitis externa, ofloxacin 0.3% ear drops bid for 10 days (ten drops per dose for adults, five drops per dose for children) was equivalent to Cortisporin ear drops (neomycin sulfate, polymyxin B sulfate. and hydrocortisone, four drops per dose for adults and three drops per dose for children) qid for 10 days, with an ofloxacin cure rate of 82% in adults and 97% in children (Jones et al., 1997). In another study of 278 children with acute uncomplicated otitis externa, ofloxacin 0.3%, five drops as a single daily dose for 7–10 days, was equivalent to three drops qid of Cortisporin for the same duration, with a cure rate of 96.4% versus 97.1%. Eradication rates for P. aeruginosa were 98% versus 100% (Schwartz, 2006). Topical ofloxacin therapy is not recommended if there is extension of infection from the external ear canal to adjacent tissues (i.e. malignant otitis externa) (Klein, 2001).
Information on level of drugs into breastmilk
Published in Wendy Jones, Breastfeeding and Medication, 2013
Neomycin eye and ear drops Brand names: Betnesol N , Vista methasone N , Neo-cortef , Otosporin , Predsol N, Tri-adcortyl otic, Otomize, Otosporin US brands: Neo-cortef, Neosporin, Cortisporin Australian brands: Neopt, Neosporin
Idiopathic Lipogranulomatous Orbital Inflammation: A Case Report and Literature Review
Published in Orbit, 2022
Sonia Huang, Luzern Tan, Valerie Juniat, Craig James, Dinesh Selva
Lipogranulomas within the orbit are rare. Typically, there is a prior history of trauma, injections to the face, or surgery. Examples of specific causes reported in the literature include a grease gun injury to the eye1, periocular steroid injections,4 iatrogenic mycobacterium abscess after upper lid blepharoplasties,7 and functional endoscopic sinus surgery.8 A number of ointments have also been implicated in lipogranulomatous inflammation. Substances reported include paraffin,2 steroid ointment,3 petrolatum jelly,3 and cortisporin ointment.3 Our patient denied these factors. Lipogranulomas have been reported to occur as soon as the day after trauma or surgery, to 15 years after the inciting event,3 reiterating the importance of a detailed clinical history for any patient found to have lipogranulomatous inflammation. In addition, a broad differential diagnosis for systemic inflammatory diseases that involve the orbit should be considered as sometimes the features can be difficult to differentiate even on histology. Examples include Erdheim Chester disease, juvenile xanthogranulomatous disease, Rosai Dorfman disease, and IgG4 related disease.
Discovery of antimicrobial compounds targeting bacterial type FAD synthetases
Published in Journal of Enzyme Inhibition and Medicinal Chemistry, 2018
María Sebastián, Ernesto Anoz-Carbonell, Begoña Gracia, Pilar Cossio, José Antonio Aínsa, Isaías Lans, Milagros Medina
S. pneumoniae causes more than 25% of the cases of community-acquired pneumonia52, generating more deaths than any other vaccine-preventable bacterial disease. M. tuberculosis causes tuberculosis, the most common cause of death among infectious diseases53. SpnFADS has as similar native structure to CaFADS (Supplementary Figure SD1), while the MtFADS sequence shows 45% identity with CaFADS and 59% of conservation30. Since the attempts to produce stable purified MtFADS have so far failed, we considered CaFADS a good model for MtFADS, as reported for other proteins of these two genera54. Thus, we tested the effect of the CaFADS HTS hits on the RFK and FMNAT activities of SpnFADS. We can find that only 30% of the HTS hits have inhibitory effects on SpnFADS, and the high values of residual activities and IC50 reveal that they are worse inhibitors for SpnFADS (Table 5). Nevertheless, among the HTS hits, 9, 27, 37 and 43 are interesting inhibitors of SpnFADS (Table 5). 27 and 43, which did not inhibit the CaFADS RFK activity (Table 1), have an important effect on the SpnFADS one. 9, inhibits both SpnFADS activities (Table 5). This compound is a monocationic detergent that has been commonly used in cortisporin-TC ear drops to help penetration of active ingredients through cellular debris. Additionally, 9 inhibits vacuolar ATPase, showing cytotoxic effects at concentrations higher than 10 µM55. It is also an inhibitor of the RANK-L induced osteoclast formation56. 37, inhibited both CaFADS activities, but only affects the FMNAT one in SpnFADS. 37 inhibits the HMG-CoA reductase, being used to treat hypercholesterolemia57. 37 has positive effects in myocardial fibrosis by favouring ACE2 expression, and also modestly inhibits replication of the hepatitis C virus58,59. 43 is used as analgesic (inhibits anandamide hydrolase in neurons) and as anti-inflammatory60,61, acting as a no selective cyclooxygenase inhibitor. Additionally, it inhibits NF-κβ in activated monocytes, being a promising drug for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis62. Regarding the three FMNAT hits of CaFADS: 24 has a poor inhibitory effect on SpnFADS (Table 5), which might be of interest as selective inhibitor; 27 inhibits both CaFADS and SpnFADS activities (Tables 1 and 5), appearing as a broad inhibitor of FADS; and 31 has no effect on SpnFADS (Table 5), indicating the specificity of this compound for CaFADS.