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Otitis Externa/Swimmer's Ear
Published in Charles Theisler, Adjuvant Medical Care, 2023
Acute diffuse otitis externa is inflammation of the external ear canal. Typically, only one ear is affected, and it can last up to three weeks. Symptoms may include pain, itchiness, drainage of liquid or pus, and temporary hearing loss. Most cases are caused by bacterial (gram negative rods) infection. Such infections are common especially in the summertime and associated with water activities. Moisture provides an ideal environment for bacterial growth. With treatment, symptoms usually clear up in a few days. Necrotizing otitis externa is a life-threatening complication of otitis externa especially in elderly patients with diabetes.1
Dermatitides
Published in Ayşe Serap Karadağ, Lawrence Charles Parish, Jordan V. Wang, Roxburgh's Common Skin Diseases, 2022
Allison Perz, Tara Jennings, Robert Duffy, Warren Heymann
Overview: Otitis externa can either be an infectious process, typically secondary to Pseudomonas aeruginosa or S. aureus infection, or a noninfectious inflammatory process, secondary to dermato-logic conditions, such as atopic dermatitis, seborrheic dermatitis, or psoriasis. The pathophysiology typically involves disruption of the protective barrier of the skin and decreased cerumen, which protects the ear from external factors. Otitis externa is sometimes referred to as swimmer’s ear, because moisture from exposure to water can create a favorable environment for bacterial growth and infection.
Otitis Externa
Published in Firza Alexander Gronthoud, Practical Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, 2020
Otitis externa usually develops within a few weeks. The main feature is rapid onset of signs or symptoms of inflammation of the external ear canal including otalgia, itching, or fullness with or without hearing loss and ear canal pain on chewing. A hallmark sign of diffuse AOE is intense tenderness of the tragus when pushed and/or tenderness of the pinna when pulled, disproportionate to what might be expected based on appearance of the ear canal. Otoscopy can reveal diffuse ear canal oedema, erythema, otorrhea or debris in the ear canal. Regional lymphadenitis or cellulitis of the pinna and adjacent skin may be present in some patients. Most common pathogens are Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. Otomycosis or fungal otitis externa caused by Aspergillus niger or Candida spp. is less common but may be more common in chronic otitis externa or after antibacterial treatment.
Otic drug delivery systems: formulation principles and recent developments
Published in Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy, 2018
Xu Liu, Mingshuang Li, Hugh Smyth, Feng Zhang
Many diseases can affect any of the three main compartments of the human ear. The major diseases are summarized in Table 2. Otitis externa is the most common disorder of the outer ear [60]. It affects the ear canal, with or without infection. This inflammation is usually generalized throughout the ear canal and can affect the outer ear. It can be subdivided into acute (less than 6 weeks), recurrent acute, and chronic (more than 3 months) [16]. Acute otitis externa is a common clinical problem encountered in general practice. It results from either a bacterial infection (90% of cases) or fungal infection (10% of cases). In certain cases, it may also be associated with a variety of noninfectious dermatologic processes [61,62]. Symptoms include ear discomfort, itchiness, discharge, and impaired hearing.
A novel approach to a recalcitrant case of psoriatic otitis externa
Published in Acta Oto-Laryngologica Case Reports, 2023
N. J. McInerney, M. Riglar, P. Casserly
Otitis externa is one of the most frequently encountered conditions by otorhinolaryngologists. The majority of cases resolve after one week of topical antimicrobials, with or without steroids [11]. Patients with symptoms beyond two weeks should commence on alternative management strategies. The latest clinical practice guidelines recommend that after initial treatment failure, the patency of the ear canal should be reassessed to ensure adequate drug delivery, and addressed with aural toilet or wick placement if necessary [12]. There are no recommendations for further treatment options if this is unsuccessful.
Multiple myeloma of cranium with external ear canal swelling and occipital mass: A rare case report
Published in Acta Oto-Laryngologica Case Reports, 2022
Salla Kellberg, Goran Kurdo, Mika Kontro, Saku T. Sinkkonen
Despite having a large mass of scalp, our patient had rather minor symptoms. Also, initially, the MM’s diffuse occipital swelling did not draw the attention of the clinicians, and the symptoms were treated as otitis externa. Finally, as the standard treatments for otitis externa did not resolve the symptoms, the patient was referred to the university hospital otorihinolaryngologic clinic. There clinical examination and needle aspiration of the ear canal mass lead to imaging, which lead to correct diagnosis.