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Dermatitides
Published in Ayşe Serap Karadağ, Lawrence Charles Parish, Jordan V. Wang, Roxburgh's Common Skin Diseases, 2022
Allison Perz, Tara Jennings, Robert Duffy, Warren Heymann
Clinical picture: Otitis externa typically presents with exquisite pain, edema, and erythema of the outer ear. If the etiology is infectious, then warmth, exudate, and discharge may be present. A variation of otitis externa is infectious eczematoid dermatitis, where the external ear oozes with crusting and becomes tender.
The Active Middle Ear Implant Vibrant Soundbridge: Outcomes on Safety, Efficacy, Effectiveness, and Subjective Benefit 1996–2017
Published in Stavros Hatzopoulos, Andrea Ciorba, Mark Krumm, Advances in Audiology and Hearing Science, 2020
Michael Urban, Francesca Scandurra, Anna Truntschnig, Severin Fürhapter, Geoffrey Ball
For many years, the therapeutic approach for conductive and/or MHL has consisted of middle ear surgery with replacement of defect ossicles and, if possible, the application of a hearing aid. With its various coupling techniques for different pathophysiological situations in the middle ear, the VSB offers greater improvement in the hearing performance of affected persons. This has become particularly effective in patients with chronic otitis media. These patients typically undergo several surgical revisions to improve hearing, however, the inflammatory response of the middle ear leads to a SNHL over time. Ear surgeries often result in a change in the shape and the condition of the skin of the outer ear canal (cutaneous lesions, keloid formation), resulting in hearing aids not always being suitable. The VSB poses an alternative for improving the hearing and communication skills of such patients.
Ear, nose and throat (ENT) system
Published in David Sales, Medical IELTS, 2020
Otalgia (earache) is commonly caused by otitis media (middle ear infection) in children or otitis externa (outer ear infection) in swimmers, which is why it is known as swimmer’s ear. The ear is examined by an auriscope/otoscope (small instrument with a light) to visualise (see) the external auditory meatus (ear canal) and tympanic membrane (ear drum) which may reveal an effusion (fluid in the middle ear). Occasionally, if this is a chronic (longstanding) problem a grommet (small tube) may be inserted (put in) to ventilate (drain fluid out and allow air in to) the middle ear.
Long term results and evaluation of device satisfaction in patients used the vibrant sound bridge (VSB)
Published in Acta Oto-Laryngologica, 2021
Abdullah Dalgic, Gorkem Atsal, Levent Olgun, Tayfun Kirazli
TheVibrant Sound Bridge (VSB) (Vibrant Med-El, Innsbruck, Austria) was originally intended for patients with moderate-to-severe sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL), especially SNHL in the high frequencies and over thehearing thresholds of 70–80 dB HL [5]. The FMT is clipped on to the incus, and an incoming signal induces FMT vibration to the incus, stapes, oval window and the cochlea. In 2006, Colletti et al. describe placing the FMT of the VSB directly onto the round window membrane. They showed that, especially in difficult-to-treat patients with conductive or mixed hearing loss with a 30- to 60-dB HL sensorineural component and a 30- to 40-dB air-bone gap, coupling the FMT directly onto the round window membrane presented a new option for patients with previous, unsuccessful middle ear surgery [6]. Other potential candidates for FMT coupling on the round window are patients with middle ear malformations. Implantation can be combined with outer ear plastic surgery, if the outer ear is malformed .
Topical otic drugs in a multi-purpose manufacturing facility: a guide on determination and application of permitted daily exposure (PDE)
Published in Pharmaceutical Development and Technology, 2018
Lisa Wiesner, Maarten Prause, Ester Lovsin Barle
The usual administration of topical otic products is for the treatment of inflammatory conditions of the outer ear that potentially cause secondary inflammation of the TM (Hoskison et al. 2013). Antibacterial and antifungal creams or topical antibiotic or antifungal drops are applied to the ear canal in a treatment period of usual 10 days. Potential accumulation of drugs is—given the short administration time—not considered further for the approach of PDE determination presented in this article. Otitis media [e.g. acute otitis media (AOM) and chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM)] is usually treated with systemic medication (oral or intravenous) (Thomas & Brook 2014) but to avoid systemic effects with oral or parenteral administered drugs, topical products are investigated for the local treatment of ear infections (Hoskison et al. 2013; Kurabi et al. 2016).
Acoustic environments that support equally accessible oral higher education as a human right
Published in International Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, 2018
Kirsten M. L. Van Den Heuij, Karin Neijenhuis, Martine Coene
The main aim of this study is to identify the communicative needs of students with hearing disabilities in higher educational contexts, in order to fully participate in mainstream oral education programs. In Europe, approximately a third of the population are graduates from higher education (Eurostat, 2009). Along with cognitive and social capacities, reduced hearing performance is part of the physiology and psychology and the body structure of people (International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF), World Health Organization, 2001). Nevertheless, technological interventions such as hearing aids or a cochlear implant (as environmental factors) may be applied to facilitate activity and participation. A hearing aid is frequently used by people with mild to moderate hearing loss. It amplifies the sounds and directs the amplified sound into the outer ear. Hair cells detect larger vibrations and convert them into neural signals that are passed along to the brain. Over the past decades, cochlear implantation has become a standard intervention in most Western countries for people with profound hearing loss. The cochlear implant stimulates the auditory nerve electrically through electrodes placed in the cochlea.