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Pesticides and Chronic Diseases
Published in William J. Rea, Kalpana D. Patel, Reversibility of Chronic Disease and Hypersensitivity, Volume 4, 2017
William J. Rea, Kalpana D. Patel
These herbicides include dinitrophenol (Chemox PE), dinitrocresol (DNOC, DNC, Sinox, Chemsect DNOC, Elgetol 30, Nitrador, Selinon, Trifocide), dinoseb (DNBP, Dinitro, Basanite, Caldon, Chemox General, Chemox PE, Chemsect DNBP, Dinitro-3, Dinitro General, Dow General Weed Killer, Dow Selective Weed Killer, Dynamyte, Elgetol 318, Gebutox, Kiloseb, Nitropone C, Premerge 3, Sinox General, Subitex, Unicrop DNBP, Vertac Dinitro Weed Killer), dinosam (DNAP), dinoprop, dinoterbon, dinosulfon, binapacryl (Morocide, Endosan, Ambox, Dapacryl), dinobuton (Acrex, Dessin, Dinofen, Drawinol, Talan), and dinopenton, dinocap (Crotone, Karathane). Several combinations are widely used: Dyanap and Klen Krop = dinoseb + naptalam; Ancrack = sodium salts of dinoseb + naptalam; Naptro = dinitrophenol + naptalam.
Miscellaneous pesticides*
Published in Bev-Lorraine True, Robert H. Dreisbach, Dreisbach’s HANDBOOK of POISONING, 2001
Bev-Lorraine True, Robert H. Dreisbach
Dinitro derivatives of phenol and cresol are used as insecticides and herbicides. Dinitrophenol was formerly used medically as a metabolic stimulator to aid in weight reduction. The acute fatal dose of dinitrophenol is approximately 1 g; the acute fatal dose of dinitro-o-cresol (DNOC) is 0.2 g. Other compounds with similar toxicities include dinitro-6-sec-butylphenol (dinoseb), binapacryl (Morocide), dinitrocyclohexylphenol, dinitramine (Cobex), dinobuton (Acrex), Amex, dinoprop, dinoterb, and dinocap (Karathane). Danger is greatest during hot weather, when loss of body heat is impaired. The exposure limit for dinitro-o-cresol and dinitrophenol is 0.2 mg/m3.
Acute fungicide self-poisoning - a prospective case series
Published in Clinical Toxicology, 2022
Edward Nendick, Fahim Mohamed, Jacques Raubenheimer, Indika Gawarammana, Nick A. Buckley, Michael Eddleston
The 28 fungicides were from five (of 13) FRAC MoA groups (Table 2) (Supplementary Table 1). WHO classification by hazard (12) ranged from Ib (highly hazardous) to U (unlikely to cause acute harm) (Supplementary Table 1). Three fungicides (pyraclostrobin, fluazinam and cosavet) are not classified by the WHO (Supplementary Table 1). One fungicide (binapacryl) was listed as ‘’Active ingredients believed to be obsolete or discontinued for use as pesticides’’ by the WHO as it had already been listed under the Rotterdam Convention [13] (Supplementary Table 1). The most commonly ingested fungicide was chlorothalonil with 19.6% (n = 66) of self-poisoning cases (Supplementary Table 1).