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Therapeutic Challenges in COVID-19
Published in Debmalya Barh, Kenneth Lundstrom, COVID-19, 2022
Alaa A. A. Aljabali, Murtaza M. Tambuwala, Debmalya Barh, Kenneth Lundstrom
Other RdRp inhibitors such as sofosbuvir [23–25], galidesivir [26, 27], and EIDD-2801 [28–31] have all been subjected to preclinical evaluations and clinical trials on COVID-19 patients, showing some benefits related to a shortened hospital stay and lower mortality rates for sofosbuvir and EIDD-2801, as summarized in Table 3.1. Moreover, preliminary results indicated that azvudine might shorten the time of the first nucleic acid negative conversion (NANC) in mild and common COVID-19 patients [32].
Risk factors and prognosis for coronavirus disease 2019 among 131 hemodialysis patients during the Omicron variant epidemic
Published in Renal Failure, 2023
Wen Wen, Shiming Cai, Yuehong Li, Xianglan Wu
Patient features were stratified and compared according to mild, moderate, and severe disease groups. Compared with the moderate COVID-19 group, patients with mild COVID-19 were younger, had a shorter dialysis vintage, a lower prevalence of DM, CAD, or TB, lower IL-6 and PCT levels, and higher post-infection albumin level (p < .05). A similar trend was observed in comparisons between patients with mild and severe COVID-19. Furthermore, hemoglobin and sodium levels were significantly lower in patients with severe COVID-19 compared with those in the mild group (p < .05), although no significant difference was noted between the moderate and severe groups. Regarding medications, corticosteroids and antiviral drugs were absent in patients with mild COVID-19 (Table 2). Only three of the 97 patients with symptoms had undergone specific antiviral therapies. Two patients in the moderate group received nirmatrelvir/ritonavir, whereas one in the severe group received azvudine, all of whom survived.
Recent advances towards natural plants as potential inhibitors of SARS-Cov-2 targets
Published in Pharmaceutical Biology, 2023
Zhouman He, Jia Yuan, Yuanwen Zhang, Runfeng Li, Meilan Mo, Yutao Wang, Huihui Ti
At the end of 2019, the novel coronavirus outbreak caused the rapid spread of the epidemic worldwide, posed a substantial challenge to global public health, and devoured numerous lives (Hallowell et al. 2020). The variant of the SARS-CoV-2 virus emerging across the world, including the Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta, and Omicron variants, makes the problem more intractable (WTO 1948–2022). To combat the enduring threat of COVID-19, emerging therapeutic approaches have been developed and proposed, such as remdesivir, molnuopiravir, paxlovid, azvudine as well as vaccines (Zhang et al. 2021a; Gottlieb et al. 2022). Although the global distribution and administration of these approved vaccines and antiviral medications have provided a ray of hope in the fight against the pandemic, there have also been challenges regarding adverse reactions and drug resistance (Service 2022; Waters et al. 2022). In addition, the effectiveness of some antivirals is in dispute (Pan et al. 2021; Ader et al. 2022; Burki 2022).