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What Do the Heart Arteries Do When They Are Damaged? The Infinite Insults and Finite Responses in CHD
Published in Mark C Houston, The Truth About Heart Disease, 2023
A number of tests exist to measure the total antioxidant capacity of the blood. One of the most common total antioxidant capacity assays is the Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity assay (TEAC). The oxygen radical antioxidant capacity (ORAC) assay and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) are other common oxidative stress tests.
From Designer Food Formulation to Oxidative Stress Mitigation: Health-Boosting Constituents of Cabbage
Published in Megh R. Goyal, Hafiz Ansar Rasul Suleria, Ramasamy Harikrishnan, The Role of Phytoconstitutents in Health Care, 2020
Faiza Ashfaq, Masood Sadiq Butt, Ahmad Bilal, Kanza Aziz Awan, Hafiz Ansar Rasul Suleria
Furthermore, prolonged storage promotes enzymatic and chemical oxidation of phenolic moieties. High antioxidant capacity is attributed to a higher ability to donate a hydrogen atom from antioxidant (aromatic hydroxyl group) to an unpaired electron system of free radicals [105]. The concept that antioxidant activity of fruits and vegetables are lost during processing is due to the removal of skin [145].
Natural Products as Economical Agents for Antioxidant Activity
Published in Hafiz Ansar Rasul Suleria, Megh R. Goyal, Masood Sadiq Butt, Phytochemicals from Medicinal Plants, 2019
Nida Nazar, Abdullah Ijaz Hussain, Syed Makhdoom Hussain, Poonam Singh Nigam
In recent era in the development of new drugs, natural substances are under observations and seeking great attention in many developing countries for replacement of synthetic compounds. For example, butylated hydroxytolune (BHT) and butylated hydroxyanisol (BHA) are being commonly used as synthetic antioxidants but the toxicity concerns about these antioxidants have limited their uses.76 Therefore in recent years, plant-based natural antioxidants are broadly active due to health concerns.150 It has been found that the use of natural antioxidants have lower risk of specific diseases such as stroke, heart diseases, and cancer due to their active in increasing the plasma antioxidant capacity.24
Dietary Antioxidant Capacity and Serum Inflammatory Biomarkers Levels in Cancer Survivors
Published in Nutrition and Cancer, 2022
Şenay Burçin Alkan, Mehmet Artaç, Neslişah Rakıcıoğlu
Various studies have been conducted to assess the effects of dietary antioxidants on serum inflammation markers. In a study conducted on 210 individuals in the EPIC, no significant relationship was found between serum inflammation markers and dietary flavonoids, β-carotene, retinol, α-tocopherol, vitamin C, TEAC, TRAP, and FRAP (48). In the study conducted by Sut et al. (49) on 78 patients with breast cancer, an inverse relationship was found between the intake of polyphenols and the serum CRP level, NLR, and PLR. In this study, an inverse relationship was found between flavonoids, which are an important part of polyphenols, and the serum NLR. In addition, an inverse relationship was found between the serum CRP level and TEAC, TRAP, FRAP-2, FRAP-3, and FRAP-4. It was also observed an inverse relationship between the serum NLR and dTAC (VCE), L-ORAC, H-ORAC, TEAC, TRAP, FRAP-1, FRAP-2, FRAP-3, and FRAP-4 (Table 4). High dietary antioxidant capacity could be contributed to the reduction of serum inflammation biomarkers levels.
The level of S-glutathionylated protein is a predictor for metastasis in colorectal cancer and correlated with those of Nrf2/Keap1 pathway
Published in Biomarkers, 2021
Liang-Che Chang, Chung-Wei Fan, Wen-Ko Tseng, Chung-Ching Hua
Sublethal ROS may induce DNA changes in cancer cells and make them more prone to metastasis (Nishikawa 2008). However, cancer cells may also adopt detoxifying mechanisms to withstand oxidative stress at the metastatic sites (Celia-Terrassa and Kang 2016). The protein levels of the Nrf2/Keap1 pathway and the TXN/GSH system other than TXN were lower in both the tumour and normal tissues of CRC subjects with metastasis than those without. Detoxifying mechanisms (Moloney and Cotter 2018) other than the Nrf2/Keap1 pathway and the TXN/GSH system may operate in CRC tissues with metastasis. TXN system is a key player against oxidative stress (Lu and Holmgren 2014). The tumour and normal tissues had the TXN protein levels different in CRC without metastasis, but similar in those with. Field cancerisation is a general phenomenon of epithelial tumours (Dakubo et al.2007). ROS plays important role in field cancerisation and metastasis (Liao et al.2019). There are great differences among individuals in total antioxidant capacity (Vezzoli et al.2014). Wide ranges of protein levels in the Nrf2/Keap1 pathway and the TXN/GSH system were also observed in both the tumour and normal tissues. The T/N ratios of proteins other than Nrf2 and GSR were lower and closer to 1 in CRC with metastasis than those without. Further, the normal tissues of CRC with metastasis and the tumour of those without had similar patterns of clustering in the dendrogram. These results may suggest the intimate relationships between field cancerisation and metastasis, which are both driven by ROS (Liao et al.2019).
Hormesis effects of gamma radiation on growth of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa)
Published in International Journal of Radiation Biology, 2021
Ki Eun Song, Seung Ha Lee, Jae Gyeong Jung, Jae Eun Choi, Woojin Jun, Jin-Woong Chung, Sun Hee Hong, Sangin Shim
Gamma irradiation induces the production of active oxygen species causing oxidative stress which results in cellular structural damage and physiological impairment by reacting with almost any cell or molecule (Al-Rumaih and Al-Rumaih 2008; Moghaddam et al. 2011). However, many plants such as Nicotiana tabacum, Vicia faba, and Stipa capillata increase the antioxidant activity to cope with oxidative stress caused by gamma radiation (Cho et al. 2000; Zaka et al. 2002; Moussa 2008). It is believed that the positive effects revealed at low doses in this study are related to improvements in antioxidant capacity. The hormesis effect by low dose gamma radiation varies depending on the dose of radiation (Jan et al. 2012; Aref et al. 2016), it was found that low-dose gamma radiation of 50 Gy has a hormesis effect on quinoa in this study.