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Reverse Pharmacology and Phytomedicine
Published in Amritpal Singh Saroya, Reverse Pharmacology, 2018
Three alkaloids, allocryptopine, berberine and protopine were isolated from A. mexicana through bioguided fractionation. Allocryptopine (Fig. 6), protopine (Fig. 7) and berberine (Fig. 8) demonstrated antimalarial activity in vitro. Allocryptopine and protopine showed selective response towards the parasite, Plasmodium falciparum.
Using Appropriate Methodology and Technology for Research and Development of African Traditional Medicines
Published in Charles Wambebe, African Indigenous Medical Knowledge and Human Health, 2018
Rasoanaivo Philippe, Merlin Wilcox, Bertrand Graz
Argemone mexicana contains at least three protoberberine alkaloids in similar amounts (around 0.5% in the plants from Mali) with similar antimalarial activity: berberine, protopine, and allocryptopine (IC50in vitro = 0.32, 0.32, and 1.46 mcg/mL, respectively) (Simoes-Pires, 2009). Whereas all are active in vitro, the absorption of berberine is poor in some animal models, although it can be improved by P-glycoprotein inhibitors (Pan et al., 2002). It is not known whether A. mexicana contains any P-glycoprotein inhibitors, but if it does, their concentration would also be important. The pharmacokinetics of protopine and allocryptopine are now being studied in humans, so it is not yet known which of these is the best marker, or whether there is synergy between them (in which case maybe all should be used as markers). Unlike berberine, protopine and allocryptopine show a good selectivity for Plasmodium, and their cytotoxicities are low (Simoes-Pires, 2009). Since preliminary in vivo tests using freeze-dried AM decoction were unsuccessful both in mouse and in rat models (Plasmodium berghei and Plasmodium chabaudi, respectively, unpublished results), current research is focusing on the in vitro antiplasmodial activity of plasma samples from healthy volunteers to identify plant substances or metabolites involved in such activity.
Handbook of Phytochemical Constituents of GRAS Herbs and Other Economic Plants
Published in James A. Duke, Handbook of Phytochemical Constituents of GRAS Herbs and Other Economic Plants, 2017
“Tree Poppy”ALPHA-ALLOCRYPTOPINE PL ALKBETA-ALLOCRYPTOPINE PL ALKCHELERYTHRINE PL ALKPROTOPINE PL ALKSANGUINARINE WD ALK
Isoquinoline alkaloids isolated from Glaucium corniculatum var. corniculatum and Glaucium grandiflorum subsp. refractum var. torquatum with bioactivity studies
Published in Pharmaceutical Biology, 2023
Tuba Kusman Saygi, Nur Tan, Gülbahar Özge Alim Toraman, Caglayan Unsal Gurer, Osman Tugay, Gulacti Topcu
In fact, the structure of compound 3 resembled a protopine-type alkaloid based on above NMR data with a ten-member ring formed by B and C rings, which looks like allocryptopine (Kubala et al. 2011). But, instead of an oxo group, an epoxy group is present between C-13 and C-14, followed by two methine signals and their carbon signals mentioned above. The HRMS spectrum showed a peak at m/z 370.16330 [M + H]+ corresponding to the formula C21H24NO5 (theoretical mass: 370.16490) with 10.5 relative double bound (RDB) equivalent. Considering the complete assignment of protons and carbons through the aid of the 1D- and 2D NMR spectra and high-resolution mass spectral (HRMS) analysis results, the structure of the new compound 3 was elucidated, and the trivial name was given as glauciumoline.
Plant-Derived Natural Non-Nucleoside Analog Inhibitors (NNAIs) against RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase Complex (nsp7/nsp8/nsp12) of SARS-CoV-2
Published in Journal of Dietary Supplements, 2023
Sreus A. G. Naidu, Ghulam Mustafa, Roger A. Clemens, A. Satyanarayan Naidu
Several phytonutrients from North-South African medicinal plants have demonstrated higher docking scores with RdRp than remdesivir, the reference antiviral drug. Based on molecular dynamic simulation data and free energy calculations, the docking scores for 3-O-α-l-arabinopyranosyl-echinocystic acid (ΔG= −9.9 kcal/mol), 3′-epiafroside (ΔG= −9.3 kcal/mol), and Genkwanin 8-C-β-glucopyranoside (ΔG= −9.1 kcal/mol), are reportedly several-fold higher than remdesivir (ΔG= −7.1 kcal/mol) (129). Also, Argemone mexicana L., known as ‘Ghamoya’ is used in herbal medicine as an anti-inflammatory, immune-modulator, anti-spasmodic and anti-HIV agent (130). Molecular docking data showed that Protopine (ΔG = −6.07 kcal/mol), Allocryptopine (ΔG = −5.75 kcal/mol) and (±) 6-Acetonyldihydrochelerythrine (ΔG = −5.66 kcal/mol) from this plant are potential RdRp inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 (131).