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Preservative Resistance
Published in Philip A. Geis, Cosmetic Microbiology, 2020
Preservative resistance and accompanying product contamination described in these and other reports is typically attributed to Gram-negative bacterial species including Alcaligenes faecalis, Enterobacter species, Burkholderia cepacia, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Pseudomonas putida, and Pseudomonas corrugata (5,8–12).
Analysis of Small RNA Species: Phylogenetic Trends
Published in S. K. Dutta, DNA Systematics, 2019
Mirko Beljanski, Liliane Le Goff
Several small RNAs isolated from Alcaligenes faecalis bacteria, sediment on the sucrose gradient at 3.9S, 4.3S, 5.5S, and 6.3S.118 5.5S rRNA particularly studied differs by its base ratio (G + C/A + U = 2.0) and hyperchromicity (38%) from transfer RNAs (G + C/A + U = 1.35 and hyperchromicity 28%) and from rRNAs. The 5.5S RNA possesses the capacity to accept amino acids in the presence of each of the four ribonucleoside-5′-triphosphates and bacterial enzymes. It may play a role in peptide formation.119 Showdomycin-resistant E. coli cells excrete into the culture medium a 6S RNA (G + A/C + U = 1.82) that acts as a transforming agent and can be in vitro and in vivo transcribed into DNA.120
Preemptive antifungal therapy: Do diagnostics help?
Published in Mahmoud A. Ghannoum, John R. Perfect, Antifungal Therapy, 2019
Vidya Jagadeesan, Margaret Powers-Fletcher, Kimberly E. Hanson
Marty et al. also tested 44 different antimicrobials for the presence of BDG [113]. Colistin, ertapenem, cefazolin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, cefotaxime, cefepime, and ampicillin-sulbactam were all positive for BDG at the reconstituted vial concentrations but not when diluted to maximal plasma concentrations. Interestingly, none of the lots of PTZ tested in this study were positive for BDG. Other investigators have also correlated false-positive results with receipt of amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, and BDG has been directly detected in the batches of this antibiotic [111,114,115]. Lastly, there has also been a report of false-positive BDG result in patients with Gram-positive bacteremia [115], as well as with Alcaligenes faecalis.
Topical lotions utilized in outpatient rehabilitation clinics as a potential source of bacterial contamination
Published in Physiotherapy Theory and Practice, 2019
Henry G. Spratt, David Levine, Julie Bage, David K. Giles, A. Grace Collier
Concerns about bacterial contamination of creams and lotions used in clinical settings have been documented for at least the last 50 years. Contamination of hand lotions by Gram-negative rods that lead to patient infections were found in a medical intensive care unit in 1967 (Morse et al., 1967). In this study, the bacteria associated with patient infections were recovered from hand cream dispensers used in the unit. Additionally, further analysis of unopened bottles of 26 different lotions used in this hospital resulted in the discovery of Gram-negative rods (i.e., Serratia marcescens, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Alcaligenes faecalis, Morse and Schonbeck, 1968) in four of the lotions. Thus, nearly 50 years ago evidence for the potential transmission of opportunistic bacteria to patients via hand creams was well documented.
Microbiota in a cooling-lubrication circuit and an option for controlling triethanolamine biodegradation
Published in Biofouling, 2018
Thomas Klammsteiner, Heribert Insam, Maraike Probst
The connection between TEA degradation and bicine production was investigated in growth experiments with 30 bacterial isolates able to grow on TEA as sole carbon source. All sequenced isolates showed affiliation to two highly abundant genera which were distinctive for biofilm samples (Figure 2D). All isolates originating from effluent and influent samples were identified as Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes (identity ≥ 99%) while six out of 10 biofilm isolates were found to be Alcaligenes faecalis (identity ≥ 99%), with the other four being P. pseudoalcaligenes (Table 1). Pseudomonas spp., especially P. pseudoalcaligenes, are widespread in industrial working fluids (Mattsby-Baltzer I et al. 1989; Sandin et al. 1990). A. faecalis is ubiquitously found in water and soil (Bizet and Bizet 1997), but has not previously been found in cooling circuits.
Linear and branched β-Glucans degrading enzymes from versatile Bacteroides uniformis JCM 13288T and their roles in cooperation with gut bacteria
Published in Gut Microbes, 2020
Ravindra Pal Singh, Sivasubramanian Rajarammohan, Raksha Thakur, Mohsin Hassan
Gentiobiose, low melting point agarose, and laminarin from Laminaria digitata were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (Germany). Curdlan from Alcaligenes faecalis, lichenan (also known as lichenin) from Icelandic moss, yeast β- glucan, laminaribiose and laminaripentaose were purchased from Megazyme, Ireland. Pustulan from Lasallia pustulata, and porphyran from Porphyra were purchased from Elicityl, France and Carbosynth, United Kingdom, respectively. Used bacterial strains were purchased from the Japan Culture Collection, Riken, Japan.1H NMR, DEPT135, and 2D NMR (COSY and HSQC) analyses were recorded at the Panjab University, Chandigarh, India.