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Phytotherapeutic Agents in Epilepsy
Published in Vikas Kumar, Addepalli Veeranjaneyulu, Herbs for Diabetes and Neurological Disease Management, 2018
Raubasine (Ajmalicine) is an indole alkaloid derived from Rauwolfia serpentine (Fam. Apocynaceae) possessing a BZD agonist-type activity. Raubasine exhibitse anticonvulsant properties against PTX- and BIC-induced convulsions in mice. The anticonvulsant effects are inhibited by the BZD antagonist, Ro 15-1788 suggesting that raubasine directly interacts with the BZD sites resulting in agonist-type activity.154
Abies Spectabilis (D. Don) G. Don (Syn. A. Webbiana Lindl.) Family: Coniferae
Published in L.D. Kapoor, Handbook of Ayurvedic Medicinal Plants, 2017
Chemical constituents — The following alkaloids occur in the root of R. serpentina: reserpine, rescinnamine, reserpinine, serpentine, serpentinine, sarpagine, raubasine, yohimbine, ajmaline, ajmalinine, ajmalicine, isoajmaline, neoajmaline, rauwolfinine, rauhimbine, thebaine, and papaverine. The drug also contains an oleoresin, a sterol starch, and calcium oxalate.831
Catalog of Herbs
Published in James A. Duke, Handbook of Medicinal Herbs, 2018
Quite a few alkaloids have been isolated from the plant, a number of them interesting pharmacologically: ajmalicine, akuammicine, akuammine, alstonine, ammocaline, carosi-dine, carosine, catharanthine, catharicine, Catharine, catharosine, cavincidine, cavincine, cleavamine, deacetylvincaleucoblastine, deacetylvindoline, dihydrositsirikine, isoleurodine, isositsirikine, leurocristine, leurosidine (vinrosidine), leurosidine, leurosine, leurosivine, lochnericine, lochnerine, lochnerinine, lochnerivine, lochrovidine, lochrovine, maandrosine, mitraphylline, neoleurocristine, neoleurosidine, pericalline, permividine, perimivine, peri-vine, perosine, pleurosine, reserpine, rovidine, rovidine sulfate, serpentine, sitsirikine, te-trahydroalstonine, tetrahydroserpentine, vinaphamine, vinaspine, vinblastine, vincaleucob-lastine, vincamicine, vincamine, vincarodine, vincathicine, sulfate, vinceine, vincolidine, vincoline, vincristine, vindoiicine, vindolidine, vindoline, vindolinine, vindorosine, vinos-idine, vinsedecine, vinsesine, virosine, yohimbine. The root bark contains 2.0% of a phenolic resin and 0.03% d-camphor. The leaves yield an oleoresin and a small amount of volatile oil containing aldehydes, sesquiterpenes, and sulfur compounds, furfural, lochnerol and lochnerallol, two glycosides (adenosine, roseoside), deoxyloganin, loganin, tannin, carotene, sterols, ursolic acid, and a flavone derivative. Some of the alkaloids have both antitumor and tumorigenic attributes, suggesting what I have come to believe, that a given species will contain many pairs of compounds which are antagonistic. Catharanthine is diuretic, ajmalicine is antidiuretic. Will the body of the patient who needs the diuretic select catharanthine or reject ajmalicine? Ajmalicine (raubasine) has a broad application in circulatory diseases, especially in the relief of obstruction of normal cerebral blood flow. In combination with rauwolfia alkaloids it has been used to lower high blood pressure.59 Toxicity — Same as Catharanthus lanceus.
Melatonin-stimulated biosynthesis of anti-microbial ZnONPs by enhancing bio-reductive prospective in callus cultures of Catharanthus roseus var. Alba
Published in Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology, 2018
Hafiza Rida Riaz, Syed Salman Hashmi, Tariq Khan, Christophe Hano, Nathalie Giglioli-Guivarc’h, Bilal Haider Abbasi
Catharanthus (C.) roseus (L.) G. Don var. alba is a medicinally important plant associated with Apocynaceae family. Catharanthus roseus was commonly known as Periwinkle or Madagascar-periwinkle found in various tropical and sub-tropical regions [12]. Catharanthus roseus having two varieties, white-flowered “alba” and pink-flowered “rosea” [13,14]. Catharanthus roseus is an alkaloid rich plant having >400 alkaloids from which >130 are TIAs (terpenoid-indole alkaloids) [15]. Vinca alkaloids such as vincristine and vinblastine are very popular for their use in cancer treatments [14,16]. Reserpine, serpentine and ajmalicine acts as anti-neuro-inflammatory and anti-hypertensive agents [15,17]. Vindoline, vindolidine and vindolicine are important for anti-diabetic activity [18]. ZnONPs have been synthesized using C. roseus leaves [19]. However, the potential of C. roseus callus cultures for ZnONPs synthesis has not been investigated till date. Catharanthus roseus is a rich source of bioactive agents other than alkaloids, e.g. phenolics, carbohydrates, flavonoids and saponins that help in reduction and stabilization process during NPs synthesis [19,20]. Plant growth regulators (PGRs) are responsible for improved content of these bioactive agents in in-vitro cultures [21–23].