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Potential of Herbal Extracts and Bioactive Compounds for Human Healthcare
Published in Megh R. Goyal, Hafiz Ansar Rasul Suleria, Ramasamy Harikrishnan, The Role of Phytoconstitutents in Health Care, 2020
Ramasamy Harikrishnan, Chellam Balasundaram
Aqueous and methanolic extracts of Agastache rugosa roots exhibit significant activity against HIV integrase [469]. Methanol extract of Agrimonia pilosa demonstrates anti-HIV-1 activity [637]. Aqueous extract of A. pilosa roots exhibits hepatoprotective activity against chemically induced cytotoxicity in human hepatic cells [725]. A. officinarum rhizome has demonstrated anti-inflammatory activity in vitro in human cells [1072]. Ebenus boissieri hydroalcoholic extract at doses up to 1000 μg/mL inhibits the proliferation of 293T cells and increases caspase-3, -9 activity in a time-dependent manner and also significantly enhances the levels of TNF-α or IFN-γ in MDA-MB231 cells indicating its potential anti-cancer activity against breast cancer cells [395]. Withania somnifera can inhibit the growth of human breast, lung, and colon cancer [858]. Seham and Moustafa et al., [850] have tested 200 herbal methanol extracts for cytotoxicity against human cancer cell lines. Three cycloartane triterpenoids isolated from the aerial parts of Actaea dahurica possess potential antitumor activity [950]. Adina rubella possesses anti-cancer activity [377], and the methanolic extract of Aegle marmelos inhibits proliferation of human tumor cells in vitro [516, 519]. Number of other medicinal herbal extracts possesses anti-cancer activity against human cell lines (Appendix 1.4).
Phytoextracts and Their Derivatives Affecting Neurotransmission Relevant to Alzheimer’s Disease
Published in Akula Ramakrishna, Victoria V. Roshchina, Neurotransmitters in Plants, 2018
The ethyl acetate extract of whole plants of Agrimonia pilosa (Family: Rosaceae) showed significant AChE inhibitory activity due to presence of quercetin [Figure 21.3 (xxxv)]. Inhibitory activity of quercetin is due to the presence of a catechol moiety on ring B, which facilitates quercetin binding to AChE (Natarajan et al., 2009).
Integrative hyperthermia treatments for different types of cancer
Published in Clifford L. K. Pang, Kaiman Lee, Hyperthermia in Oncology, 2015
Clifford L. K. Pang, Kaiman Lee
Proven prescription 2: Flos lonicerae 15 g, Prunella vulgaris 15 g, Rhizoma imperatae 15 g, Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb 15g, mulberry leaves 10 g, Flos chrysanthemi Indici 10 g, Radix isatidis 10 g, Radix sophorae Tonkinensis 10 g, Lithospermum erythrorhizon 10 g, Scutellaria barbata 10 g, boat-fruited Sterculia Seed 10 g, Platycodon grandiflorum 10 g, Mentha haplocalyx Briq (add later) 7 g, and Borneol 3 g. Put the drugs together and boil. Have the patient inhale the hot steam of the liquid medicine. Efficacy: clears away heat and toxic substances, activates blood, and resolves mass. It is applicable to lung cancer patients with symptoms of cough, asthma, phlegm, hoarseness, dry mouth, and nasopharynx.
Agrimoniin inhibits the activity of CYP1A2, 2D6, and 3A4 in human liver microsomes
Published in Xenobiotica, 2021
Yanqing Zhou, Qian Xian, Haimin Wei, Jin Zhou, Shengjian Li, Junwei Yang, Xuedong Zhou, Yamei Li
Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb. is traditional folk medicine that has been widely used as haemostatic, antiparasitic, and antidiarrheal agents. Agrimoniin is a major constituent of Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb. and it also existed in some commonly consumed food, such as strawberry and raspberry (Grochowski et al. 2017). The pharmacological properties of agrimoniin have also been widely reported. For example, agrimoniin showed an antitumor effect on fibrosarcoma and enhance immune response (Miyamoto et al. 1987). Herbal medicine is one of the most common treatment methods in paediatrics, which plays a crucial role in the healthcare system and has been used as alternative medicine worldwide. Herbal medicines are complex mixtures, and these complex mixtures may interact with each other, which makes it attract special attention and become largely different from western therapies (Ge 2019). Cytochrome P450 (CYP450) enzymes are key factors during these potential interactions.
Effects of Jian Pi Qing Chang Hua Shi decoction on mucosal injuries in a 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulphonic acid-induced inflammatory bowel disease rat model
Published in Pharmaceutical Biology, 2021
Huicun Zhang, Na Ta, Hong Shen, Hongbing Wang
SJZD repairs damage to the intestinal mucosa caused by 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulphonic acid (TNBS) in rats by regulating the intestinal barrier (Lu et al. 2017, 2018). To adjust the Qi, promote blood circulation, and eliminate dampness, we added other herbal medicines to SJZD. We named this mixture as the Jian Pi Qing Chang Hua Shi decoction (JPQCD). The herbs contained in JPQCHSD and their own traditional use of each component of JPQCHSD are listed in Tables 1 and 2. The Latin name of the herbs in in this paper are derived from Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2015). Lancemaside A is one of the components of Codonopsis pilosula (Franch.) Nannf (Campanulaceae). Lancemaside A improve TNBS-induced colitis by suppressing increased myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, expression of inflammatory cytokines, and activation of NF-κB in mice (Joh et al. 2010). Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge (Labiatae) is a traditional Chinese medicine that has been long used for the treatment of cardiac cerebral diseases including cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, diabetes, nephropathy, liver, lung, skin, etc. Its clinical effects were by activating nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Li et al. 2018). Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz (Compositae) inhibits the inflammatory response of RAW 264.7 macrophages stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) by reducing key molecules in the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and NF-κB pathways (Zhou et al. 2019). Coptisine inhibits NF-κB, MAPK, hosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt activation and reduces inflammation induced by macrophages stimulated by LPS. It also is used to prevent and treat carrageenan-elicited rat paw oedoema and reduce the release of TNF-α and NO in rat inflamed tissue (Wu et al. 2016). Smilax glabra Roxb (Liliaceae) inhibits upper genital tract inflammation by blocking activation of the NF-κB pathway (Zou et al. 2017). Sanguisorba officinalis Linn (Rosaceae) exerts anti-inflammatory effects, making it useful for treating inflammatory skin diseases. It blocks NF-κB, signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 and extracellular signal-regulated kinase activation and inhibits tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α/interferon-γ-stimulated release of chemokines and pro-inflammatory molecules (Yang et al. 2015). Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb (Rosaceae) reduces inflammation by suppressing inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and COX-2 and reactive oxygen species in LPS-activated RAW 264.7 macrophage cells (Jin et al. 2016). Protopine isolated from Corydalis yanhusuo W. T. Wang (Papaveraceae) improves renal function in acute renal injury mice induced by LPS. Protopine also alleviates the inflammatory response, inhibits inflammatory cytokines, and reduces apoptosis and necrosis via the Toll-like receptor 4 signalling pathway (Zhang et al. 2019). Panax notoginseng (Burk.) F.H. Chen (Araliaceae) inhibits LPS-stimulated NO-overproduction and iNOS overexpression via suppression of Toll-like receptor 2-mediated MAPK/NF-κB signalling pathways in RAW 264.7 macrophages (Ye et al. 2020).