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Trichomonas
Published in Vincenzo Berghella, Maternal-Fetal Evidence Based Guidelines, 2022
Trichomonas vaginalis is easily transmitted during vaginal intercourse. The organism will survive for several hours in moist environment outside the host and is rarely transmitted non-venerally. The transmission rate from male to female during vaginal intercourse has been reported to be 66–100% [6]. Vertical transmission to a female infant occurs in 2–17% if vaginal infection is present at the time of delivery [7].
DRCOG MCQs for Circuit B Answers
Published in Una F. Coales, DRCOG: Practice MCQs and OSCEs: How to Pass First Time three Complete MCQ Practice Exams (180 MCQs) Three Complete OSCE Practice Papers (60 Questions) Detailed Answers and Tips, 2020
Trichomonas vaginalis is a sexually transmitted disease and is readily diagnosed under the microscope in a drop of saline. T. vaginalis is a flagellated protozoon and may infect the vagina, cervix, urethra and Bartholin's glands. It causes a frothy yellow-green purulent vaginal discharge. It is amenable to a 5-day course of metronidazole therapy.
Sexually Transmitted Diseases
Published in Victor A. Bernstam, Pocket Guide to GENE LEVEL DIAGNOSTICS in Clinical Practice, 2019
A number of diagnostic modalities exist for the diagnosis of Trichomonas vaginalis: microscopy of wet mounts or stained preparationsin vitro cultureimmunological methods
The safety of metronidazole in pregnancy
Published in Health Care for Women International, 2021
Ozioma C. Nwosu, Kathaleen Bloom
Metronidazole has many uses and applications in obstetric practice. It is most commonly used to treat bacterial vaginosis or trichomonas vaginalis (Centers for Disease Control, 2015b). For the treatment of BV, the CDC recommends either 500 mg of metronidazole orally, twice daily for seven days; one full 5 g application of 0.75% of metronidazole intravaginally once daily for 5 days; or 5grams of 2% clindamycin cream intravaginally at bedtime for seven days (Centers for Disease Control, 2015b). However, the recommendation is that metronidazole be used first. Clindamycin is second in line and should be used in the instance of a counter-indication for metronidazole (for instance drug allergy). For the treatment of trichomonas, the CDC recommends using metronidazole 2 g orally in a single dose or Tinadazole 2 g orally in a single dose or metronidazole 500 mg orally twice a day for 7 days (Centers for Disease Control, 2015b). Metronidazole is also used to treat parasitic and amebic infections (Lilley et al., 2007). Metronidazole is one of the most frequently prescribed antibiotics because of its safety profile, cost, bioavailability, effectiveness and low rates of resistance (Lofmark et al., 2010).
Inhibition of the β-carbonic anhydrase from the protozoan pathogen Trichomonas vaginalis with sulphonamides
Published in Journal of Enzyme Inhibition and Medicinal Chemistry, 2021
Linda J. Urbański, Andrea Angeli, Vesa P. Hytönen, Anna Di Fiore, Giuseppina De Simone, Seppo Parkkila, Claudiu T. Supuran
Trichomonas vaginalis is a protozoan parasite responsible for trichomoniasis, one of the most frequent non-viral sexually transmitted diseases in humans1,2. Treatment of this disease remains almost exclusively based on just one class of drugs, 5-nitroimidazoles (with two available agents, metronidazole and tinidazole), and resistance to these agents is on the rise worldwide3,4. Trichomoniasis may cause a variety of symptoms, from mild to severe, but a large fraction (10–50%) of infected women show no symptoms, and 5–15% of cases may remain undetectable upon examination1,2. Furthermore, the majority of infected men are totally asymptomatic, making the diagnosis of this disease particularly challenging1,2. T. vaginalis infection may facilitate or worsen other critical pathologies, such as HIV-infection5 or even prostate cancer6. As a consequence, research on novel drug targets for fighting trichomoniasis has seen an increased interest7–11.
A profile of the cobas® TV/ MG test for the detection of Trichomonas vaginalis and Mycoplasma genitalium
Published in Expert Review of Molecular Diagnostics, 2020
Although the assay received clearance from the FDA in 2019, the data from the US clinical study have not yet been published. However, the instruction for use that accompanies the cleared assay provides the which was reviewed by the FDA and some of those data have been presented. In the clinical study, results from the cobas TV/MG assay were compared to different assays for TV performance estimation than those used to estimate the performance of the MG assay since at the time of study inception there were limited options for obtaining both trichomonas and mycoplasma molecular diagnostic results. Detection of trichomonas was compared to the ATV assay and culture; a positive result by either of these tests defined infection status. The estimated sensitivity of the assay ranged from 94.7% to 99.4% for female specimen types and 100% from male urine. Specificity was ≥96.8% for all sample types (male and female). The somewhat lower specificity may be the result of using a less sensitive standard (culture) as part of the comparison.