China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Special Considerations for Men's Health
Published in Gia Merlo, Kathy Berra, Lifestyle Nursing, 2023
Testicular cancer is the most prevalent cancer among men aged between 15 and 40 years. Testicular cancer risk factors include cryptorchidism, genitourinary system abnormalities, and endocrine abnormalities and dysfunction (Rovito et al., 2015). The American Cancer Society recommends testicular self-examination (TSE) as an effective strategy for early identification and diagnosis of prostate cancer. TSE should be taught and encouraged as a normal lifestyle practice (ACS, 2014; Rovito et al., 2015).
Direct-to-Consumer Advertising
Published in Charles E. Dean, The Skeptical Professional's Guide to Rational Prescribing, 2022
The advent of direct-to-consumer telemedicine companies marks yet another phase in the delivery of health care services40 that is well outside the usual clinic model. Jain et al.38 list seven companies, three of which focus on erectile dysfunction and other genitourinary problems. Two focus on birth control, one on acne, and one on hair loss. In 2019, the companies raised an average of $66 million in venture capital, so the concept clearly is appealing, not only to investors, but potential patients, since the costs of prescribed drugs may be considerably lower, given the reduced overhead. Medical oversight varies considerably, ranging from a virtual visit with a physician for every patient, or, in some instances, a physician assistant or nurse practitioner. Others, especially the newer companies, offer medical contacts only to patients whose questionnaires reveal a contraindication to the requested drug. Obviously, this approach is not a comprehensive medical evaluation, and does not offer alternative treatments. Some companies state that they will send a report on the interaction to the patient’s primary physician if requested. In addition, the FDA rules regarding off-label uses of drugs do not apply, so this opens additional possibilities for Pharma, with higher costs over time.
Abdominal and Genitourinary Trauma
Published in Ian Greaves, Keith Porter, Jeff Garner, Trauma Care Manual, 2021
Ian Greaves, Keith Porter, Jeff Garner
The genitourinary system comprises retroperitoneal structures, pelvic structures and external genitalia. Management of injuries to the retroperitoneum is covered in previous paragraphs. Investigation and management of lower urogenital trauma require specialist referral.60 Trauma patients may need a urinary catheter, but in the presence of blood at the meatus this should be attempted once by an experienced clinician. The risk of uretheral injury means that if a catheter cannot be passed, then a suprapubic catheter should be considered. A CT cysto-gram and retrograde urethrogram should be performed if there is suspicion of urethral or bladder injury such as frank haematuria following catheterization or failure to pass a catheter.61 Dilute contrast can be instilled via a catheter, which is then clamped, the patient then has a CT scan; this is typically performed to confirm a diagnosis suspected on a trauma CT.
Inner surface modification of ureteral stent polyurethane tubes based by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition to reduce encrustation and biofilm formation
Published in Biofouling, 2022
Hyuna Lim, Jae Hoon Chung, Yoonsoo Park, Namwuk Baek, Youngsik Seo, Heonyong Park, Yong Ki Cho, Donggeun Jung, Deok Hyun Han
The urine sample was voided urine donated from a patient who had previously shown stone formers. Urine was collected from the patients through natural physiological phenomena. Approximately 70-100 ml of a voided urine sample was collected from the patients, and approximately 55 ml of the sample was used for the immersion test. The patient had a history of surgical treatment with a calculus of the genitourinary tract and was identified as having a calcium oxalate stone. In the representative experiment, the patient underwent stone donation 1 month after percutaneous nephrolithotripsy. During donation, a urine analysis showed the specific gravity of 1.011, pH 8.0, and no hematuria or pyuria. In addition, fragmented renal calyceal stones of 5 mm or less were observed on both sides of the examination image.
The Maudsley Hospital Psychosexual Service: evaluation of the current practice of an NHS service for complex and persistent sexual dysfunction
Published in Sexual and Relationship Therapy, 2021
Valerie Francis, Sylvia Hejda-Forde, Miriam Grant, Laura Farley
Prevalence rates of sexual dysfunction are especially high among psychiatric patient populations, with several studies highlighting increased prevalence among people with depression, anxiety and psychotic illness (Basson & Gilkes, 2018; Wylie, Steward, Seivewright, Smith, & Walters, 2002). According to Basson and Gilkes (2018) women are ten times more likely to experience sexual pain if they have a previous diagnosis of anxiety disorder. The observed increase of sexual difficulties amongst patients with comorbid mental health problems is due to a combination of factors including the symptoms of the disorders themselves, side effects of treatment medications, past trauma and psychosocial factors such as social exclusion and stigma reducing opportunity to meet sexual partners (Basson & Gilkes, 2018). Sexual dysfunction prevalence rates are also higher among people with comorbid health conditions such as diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular problems and genitourinary conditions (Gades et al., 2009; Hodges, Kirby, Solanki, O'Donnell, & Brodie, 2007; Montorsi, Montorsi, & Schulman, 2003) which add further complexity to diagnosis and treatment.
Impact of COVID-19 Outbreak through Telemedicine Implementation on Data Reporting During Oncology Clinical Trials
Published in Cancer Investigation, 2021
Wafa Bouleftour, Elisabeth Daguenet, Fabien Tinquaut, Nicolas Magne
Between 16 March and 11 May, 2020, 19% (15 out of 128 of active oncology clinical trials) had an implementation of teleconsultation. Indeed, 25 clinical trials whose participants had teleconsultation in medical oncology, radiotherapy and supportive care departments were counted. Owing to COVID-19 pandemic, enrolment of new patients in ongoing clinical trials was suspended in both interventional and observational studies in our institute (Data not shown). Respectively 72%, 16% and 12% of clinical trials were institutional, industrial or promotional – sponsored by Lucien Neuwirth cancer institute. Most of the studies were phase II (24%) and phase III (64%), requiring intervention in 92% of trials. These interventions were administration of molecules in 43% of cases, a combination of molecule plus radiotherapy for 39%, radiotherapy alone for 9% and a questionnaire for an implementation study. These studies mainly involved neoplasms of genitourinary system with respectively 52%, 12% and 4% for prostate, kidney and bladder cancers. Among these ongoing clinical trials, 12% and 8% included patients with respectively breast and endometrial cancer. Regarding primary endpoints, 92% measured efficacy, whereas only 8% were quantitative or descriptive. Likewise, secondary endpoints measured efficacy in 33% of studies, safety and qualitative assessment in 31% and 18% of clinical trials, respectively. Clinical trials’ characteristics are summarized in Table 1.