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Microorganisms
Published in John C Watkinson, Raymond W Clarke, Louise Jayne Clark, Adam J Donne, R James A England, Hisham M Mehanna, Gerald William McGarry, Sean Carrie, Basic Sciences Endocrine Surgery Rhinology, 2018
Ursula Altmeyer, Penelope Redding, Nitish Khanna
There are several species of coagulase negative staphylococci. Most are skin commensals with low pathogenic potential, although they are able to cause indolent infections of intravascular devices and implants. An exception to this is Staphylococcus lugdunensis, which although coagulase negative, produces infections which present clinically much like infections with Staphylococcus aureus.
Benzylpenicillin (Penicillin G)
Published in M. Lindsay Grayson, Sara E. Cosgrove, Suzanne M. Crowe, M. Lindsay Grayson, William Hope, James S. McCarthy, John Mills, Johan W. Mouton, David L. Paterson, Kucers’ The Use of Antibiotics, 2017
Alasdair M. Geddes, Ian M. Gould, Jason A. Roberts, Jason A. Trubiano, M. Lindsay Grayson
Staphylococcus lugdunensis causes endocarditis, septicemia, deep tissue infections, and osteomyelitis. Of 59 strains tested by Herchline et al. (1990), 76% were beta-lactamase negative and Pen G sensitive, but 24% produced beta-lactamase and were Pen G resistant. While most strains are susceptible to oxacillin and vancomycin, some are now oxacillin resistant (Tan et al., 2008b; Yeh et al., 2016; Sato et al., 2016; Frank et al., 2008; Patel et al., 2000; Shah et al., 2010).
Equivalent effect of extracellular proteins and polysaccharides on biofilm formation by clinical isolates of Staphylococcus lugdunensis
Published in Biofouling, 2021
Weidong Qian, Wenjing Wang, Jianing Zhang, Miao Liu, Yuting Fu, Mingming Li, Jing Jin, Wei Cui, Chengbin Wang
Staphylococcus lugdunensis belongs to coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) and has significant pathogenic potential. S. lugdunensis can cause aggressive and rapidly progressing infections, especially acute endocarditis in prosthetic and native valves, in humans (Becker et al. 2014; Lourtet-Hascoet et al. 2016; Ravaioli et al. 2020). S. lugdunensis predominantly causes native valve endocarditis (77%), as opposed to other CoNS that tend to infect prosthetic valves, and its associated infections resemble those of Staphylococcus aureus owing to their highly destructive and potentially serious characteristics (Frank et al. 2008; O’Callaghan 2018; Patil et al. 2011). The pathogenesis of these infections is also characterized by the ability of S. lugdunensis to form biofilms on host tissues or indwelling medical devices (Le et al. 2019). Bacterial biofilms are sticky agglomerations of microbial communities that are attached to a surface and enclosed in extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) primarily composed of proteins, polysaccharides, and/or extracellular DNA (eDNA) material (Qian et al. 2019; Sugimoto et al. 2018; Ta and Arnason 2016). EPS, a complex mixture of biomacromolecules, is an important and defining feature of biofilms, providing a structural scaffold while coincidentally contributing to the protection of the enclosed microbes from environmental stresses, attacks by other organisms (e.g. host immune system), and chemical agents (e.g. antibiotics) (Davey and O’Toole 2000; Wu et al. 2014).
Various biofilm matrices of the emerging pathogen Staphylococcus lugdunensis: exopolysaccharides, proteins, eDNA and their correlation with biofilm mass
Published in Biofouling, 2020
Stefano Ravaioli, Davide Campoccia, Pietro Speziale, Giampiero Pietrocola, Beata Zatorska, Alessandra Maso, Elisabeth Presterl, Lucio Montanaro, Carla Renata Arciola
Staphylococcus lugdunensis belongs to the group of coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) and has been described as a rare but important human pathogen since its first description by Freney et al. (1988). The word “lugdunensis” derives from “Lugdunum”, the Latin name of Lyon, the French city where the staphylococcal clinical strain was isolated for the first time (Freney et al. 1988). The new species, unlike other CoNS, has the attribute of being susceptible to most of the antimicrobial agents, as reported in different studies (Ebright et al. 2004; Hellbacher et al. 2006; Frank et al. 2007; Kleiner et al. 2010). Since its initial identification, S. lugdunensis has been found to be responsible for different serious infections, such as skin and soft tissue infections, endocarditis, bacteraemia, osteomyelitis, central nervous infections, and medical device associated infections (Klotchko et al. 2011; Argemi et al. 2017). Moreover, this species has been reported to be a causative agent of orthopaedic implant infections, particularly in cases of hip and knee arthroplasties (Ravaioli et al. 2012; Seng et al. 2017). Although not possessing a great variety of virulence factors, S. lugdunensis has a considerable pathogenic potential and the course of S. lugdunensis infection diseases is a reminder of infections by the virulent Staphylococcus aureus (Frank et al. 2008). For this reason, S. lugdunensis has been often described as a “wolf in sheep’s clothing” (Frank et al. 2008), wittily alluding to the Aesop’s Fable.
Coagulase-negative staphylococcal bacteraemia in cancer patients. Time to positive culture can distinguish bacteraemia from contamination
Published in Infectious Diseases, 2018
Shinichiro Morioka, Mika Ichikawa, Keita Mori, Hanako Kurai
We obtained and analyzed 175 sets of blood cultures drawn from 95 patients that yielded CoNS between October 2011 and March 2013. Of these, 9 sets were single-set samples, 29 sets grew polymicrobials, and 2 sets were drawn when anti-CoNS antimicrobials had been administered. No Staphylococcus lugdunensis isolates were identified. Thus, we included the remaining 135 sets in the analysis, and investigated the TTP and other clinical findings in 78 sets with CoNS bacteraemia and compared them with those from 57 sets with CoNS contamination (Figure 1).