China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Communicable, infectious and parasitic conditions
Published in Jackie Musgrave, Health and Wellbeing for Babies and Children, 2022
Sepsis ‘is a global killer and can have lifelong consequences for those who survive it' (Priday 2019, p. 12). Sepsis is the body's response to infection and can cause organ failure, damage and death. Sepsis is very difficult to diagnose, especially in children. Survival rates are improved if antibiotics are given within an hour of diagnosis; however, this is not always achievable if there is a delay because of availability or access to treatment. See UK Sepsis Trust for more information.
Management of the Sick Child
Published in Miriam Orcutt, Clare Shortall, Sarah Walpole, Aula Abbara, Sylvia Garry, Rita Issa, Alimuddin Zumla, Ibrahim Abubakar, Handbook of Refugee Health, 2021
Fever (>38°C) is one of the most common presenting complaints of childhood. It is a sign of inflammation and often infection. Sepsis is a clinical syndrome caused by severe infection. Sepsis can lead to multiple organ failure and death if not recognised and treated early. Also see Chapter 13.6 on the child with fever or infection.
Septic shock
Published in Hung N. Winn, Frank A. Chervenak, Roberto Romero, Clinical Maternal-Fetal Medicine Online, 2021
Bryan E. Freeman, Michael R. Foley
Sepsis is the systemic inflammatory response that is due to an infection. More simply, it is SIRS that has occurred due to an infectious process. The clinical and laboratory criteria are therefore the same as listed for SIRS (7). This allows a differentiation to be made between the other potential etiologies that may lead to SIRS and clearly identifies a specific subdivision of SIRS.
Astragalus injection ameliorates lipopolysaccharide-induced cognitive decline via relieving acute neuroinflammation and BBB damage and upregulating the BDNF-CREB pathway in mice
Published in Pharmaceutical Biology, 2022
Ke Liu, Guoran Wan, Ruhong Jiang, Li Zou, Dong Wan, Huifeng Zhu, Shan Feng
Sepsis is a serious complication of infection, which can lead to tissue damage, organ failure, and death. A precise estimate of the global epidemiological burden of sepsis is difficult to ascertain. Some studies showed that more than 30 million people worldwide suffered from it every year, potentially leading to 6 million deaths (Fleischmann et al. 2016). However, the effects of sepsis do not end at hospital discharge. According to the Global Sepsis Alliance, many sepsis survivors suffer from the consequences of sepsis for the rest of their lives, such as sadness, difficulty sleeping, poor memory, difficulty concentrating, fatigue, and anxiety (https://www.global-sepsis-alliance.org/sepsis). Despite major concerns in the diagnosis and clinical management of sepsis, strategies for the treatment of related sequelae are still missing.
Ascorbic acid and hydrocortisone synergistically inhibit septic organ injury via improving oxidative stress and inhibiting inflammation
Published in Immunopharmacology and Immunotoxicology, 2022
Yuan-yuan Xu, Cheng-zhu Xu, You-feng Liang, Dan-qun Jin, Jie Ding, Yao Sheng, Le Zhang, Fang Deng
Sepsis is a potentially life-threatening, systemic immune response that results from the spread of pathogenic agents (such as bacteria or viruses) and their toxins to the bloodstream from a localized infection. The manifestation of sepsis involves fever, chills, rapid heart rate, fatigue, confusion, increased blood coagulation, hypotension, impaired microcirculation, and organ dysfunction, which may progress to septic shock [1]. According to the World Health Organization’s first global report on sepsis, 48.9 million cases occurred worldwide in 2017, and 11 million of them developed fatal outcomes [2]. In the United States, it was estimated that 1.7 million cases of sepsis occur each year, resulting in over 270,000 deaths [3]. In 2015, a total of 1,937,299 deaths occurred in China and the standardized sepsis-related mortality rate was 66.7 deaths per 100,000 population in China [4]. Despite considerable progress in the intensive care management and application of powerful antibiotics, sepsis remains associated with a high mortality rate. The main reasons may be attributed to an overwhelming systemic inflammatory response that leads to lethal multiple organ failure [5].
Association of PAI-1 4G/5G and ACE I/D Polymorphisms with Susceptibility to Pediatric Sepsis: Evidence from a Meta-Analysis
Published in Fetal and Pediatric Pathology, 2022
Mohammad Hosein Jarahzadeh, Mohammadali Jafari, Neda Seifi-Shalamzari, Farzad Ferdosian, Reza Bahrami, Ali Raee-Ezzabadi, Zahra Nafei, Ahmad Shajari, Seyed Reza Mirjalili, Hossein Neamatzadeh
Studies satisfying the following criteria were included for review: 1) observational studies (case-control or cohort studies) on humans; 2) published studies on the association of PAI-1 4G/5G and ACE I/D polymorphisms with susceptibility to pediatric sepsis; 3) sepsis diagnosed on the basis of clinical examination and confirmed during the surgeries; 4) Each genotype distribution and individual numbers in the case and control groups should be provided or can be calculated for each genotype given or the number needed can be calculated by the frequency of each genotype given; 5) studies that were required to provide available data to calculate the odds ratio (OR) and the corresponding 95% confidence interval (95% CI). Correspondingly, studies were excluded if they met with the following characteristics: 1) not a case-control or cohort study; 2) studies did not evaluate the association of ACE or PAI-1 polymorphism with risk of pediatric sepsis; 3) the data of genotype frequency and allele frequency in the literature are incomplete or unclear; 4) studies on other PAI-1 and ACE gene polymorphisms; 5) case reports, posters, presentations, meeting abstracts, editorial articles, case series, comments, conference, review articles, and meta-analyses; and 6) duplicates or overlapping studies. If potentially eligible studies reported overlapped data or authors published two or more studies using the same data, the most comprehensive one was included in the meta-analysis.