China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Myositis
Published in Jason Liebowitz, Philip Seo, David Hellmann, Michael Zeide, Clinical Innovation in Rheumatology, 2023
The term idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM) describes a profoundly heterogeneous group of autoimmune muscle diseases. The initial classification of IIM included only two categories—polymyositis (PM) and dermatomyositis (DM)—differentiated merely by the presence or absence of skin rash.1, 2 However, the diverse patterns of muscle injury that were later identified on muscle biopsies, along with the discovery of myositis-specific autoantibodies (MSA) that correlate with specific clinical characteristics, underscored the need for new classification criteria. As a result, new diagnostic entities emerged, such as inclusion body myositis (IBM), immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy (INMN), and antisynthetase syndrome (ASS), while pure polymyositis thus became a rare entity.3, 4
Rheumatic Disease
Published in John S. Axford, Chris A. O'Callaghan, Medicine for Finals and Beyond, 2023
The idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs) encompass eight categories: Dermatomyositis (DM) in adultsJuvenile dermatomyositisAmyopathic DMCancer-associated DMPolymyositis (PM)Immune-mediated necrotizing myopathyInclusion body myositisOverlap myositis
Infection in the Hematopoeitic Stem Cell Transplant Recipient with Autoimmune Disease
Published in Richard K. Burt, Alberto M. Marmont, Stem Cell Therapy for Autoimmune Disease, 2019
Valentina Stosor, Teresa R. Zembower
Polymyositis and dermatomyositis are idiopathic inflammatory myopathies characterized by proximal limb and neck weakness, sometimes associated with muscle pain.52 Malignancy, cardiac and pulmonary dysfunction, and infections are the most common causes of death.53,54 The most common infectious complication is aspiration pneumonia due to respiratory muscle weakness. A case series of four patients with fulminant PCP is described in patients receiving corticosteroids. Three of the patients died in the first month of steroid therapy of overwhelming PCP.55 Herpes zoster is reported to occur with high frequency in these patients. Interestingly, it occurs more commonly in the inactive stages of disease and is not associated with steroid therapy.56 Two cases of nosocomial pneumonia with Stenotrophomonas maltophilia and one case of disseminated N. brasiliensis infection have been described.57,58
Rare forms of inflammatory myopathies – part I, generalized forms
Published in Expert Review of Clinical Immunology, 2023
Claudio Galluzzo, Ilaria Chiapparoli, Ada Corrado, Francesco Paolo Cantatore, Carlo Salvarani, Nicolò Pipitone
The idiopathic inflammatory myopathies traditionally comprise dermatomyositis, polymyositis, immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy, anti-synthetase syndrome, and inclusion body myositis. However, there are uncommon forms that are less well characterized. In this review article, we have aimed to identify rare forms of generalized myositis on the basis of their list provided by the homepage of the Neuromuscular disease center of Washington University, St Louis, MO, USA [1] and on the basis of our own knowledge. We have covered more in depth those forms that are more likely to be encountered in clinical practice, such as, e.g., granulomatous myositis, graft versus host disease-related myositis, immune check point-associated myositis as well as myositis following infections (including Covid-19) and vaccines.
Efficacy and safety of plasma exchange in interstitial lung diseases with anti-melanoma differentiation-associated 5 gene antibody positive clinically amyopathic dermatomyositis
Published in Scandinavian Journal of Rheumatology, 2023
T Komai, Y Iwasaki, Y Tsuchida, N Hanata, H Tsuchiya, Hiroaki Harada, Y Hamasaki, M Nangaku, H Shoda, K Fujio
We conducted a retrospective chart review at the Department of Allergy and Rheumatology in the University of Tokyo Hospital. Hospitalized patients from April 2005 to May 2020, who were diagnosed with CADM or anti-MDA-5 antibody-positive dermatomyositis complicated by refractory ILD, were included. The dermatomyositis patients were diagnosed with the criteria of Bohan and Peter (14) and the CADM patients were diagnosed based on the definition of Sontheimer (15). In the retrospective evaluation, all patients were classified as having definite inflammatory myopathies by the 2017 European League Against Rheumatism/American College of Rheumatology classification criteria for idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (16). This study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the University of Tokyo (numbers 2431 and 11592). Patients were not required to give informed consent for the study because the analyses used anonymous clinical data.
Acute interstitial pneumonia due to amyopathic dermatomyositis
Published in Baylor University Medical Center Proceedings, 2022
Simón Esteva, Erin Tuttle, He Huang, Nishith Mewada
Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies, otherwise known as myositis, are a group of muscular disorders characterized by muscular inflammation that can manifest in other organs such as the skin, lungs, and joints. Up to 20% of patients with dermatomyositis have clinically amyopathic disease, meaning that for at least 6 months patients have no radiological or laboratory markers and lack muscle weakness of myositis despite the presence of cutaneous findings.1 Though the clinical presentation and severity of these diseases can vary, the novel use of autoantibodies has been instrumental in the characterization and classification of each specific idiopathic inflammatory myopathy. Anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (anti-MDA5) antibodies have a well-documented association with acute interstitial pneumonia (AIP), particularly in patients with clinically amyopathic dermatomyositis.2