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Laboratory Diagnostic Tests in the Evaluation of Fever
Published in Benedict Isaac, Serge Kernbaum, Michael Burke, Unexplained Fever, 2019
Antibody against Brucella is detected through a simple tube agglutination test which employs a standard antigen from Brucella abortus. The test is sufficient for detection of antibody to other Brucella species, with the exception of Brucella canis. False-positive titers have been described in tularemia, typhoid fever, and yersiniosis.
Brucella
Published in Dongyou Liu, Laboratory Models for Foodborne Infections, 2017
The Brucella genus has traditionally been characterized as having six species: Brucella abortus, Brucella melitensis, Brucella suis, Brucella canis, Brucella ovis, and Brucella neotomae. The high degree of homology at the genomic level has led to the proposition that the genus is actually composed of only one species, B. melitensis, with the other classical species proposed as strains of B. melitensis.11 However, host preference, epidemiologic features, and diagnostic benefits obtained by assigning Brucella strains to separate “nomenspecies” based on their distinctive phenotypic characteristics is more compelling and has supported retention of the current nomenclature. In the past 20 years, new Brucella species from sea mammals,12–14 voles,15,16 and a prosthetic breast implant17 have been added to the genus. Recent isolations from Austrian foxes,18 African bullfrogs (Pyxicephalus edulis),19 and baboons (Papio spp.)20 may eventually further expand the number of species in the Brucella genus. Some of the classical species (B. melitensis, B. abortus, and B. suis) are divided into biovars based on biochemical, phenotypic, and antigenic properties. Although division into biovars has been used for epidemiologic purposes, biotyping can be somewhat subjective because it is based on subtle differences such as requirements for higher CO2 tensions for growth, production of hydrogen sulfide, growth on media containing dyes (thionin or basic fuchsin), and agglutination with monospecific A and M antisera.
Brucellosis control methods with an emphasis on vaccination: a systematic review
Published in Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy, 2022
Atieh Darbandi, Maryam Koupaei, Tahereh Navidifar, Soheila Shahroodian, Mohsen Heidary, Malihe Talebi
International databases were search for potentially relevant articles published from 1 January 2011 to 25 March 2021, including Web of Science, Embase, and PubMed/Medline. The literature search was restricted solely to research articles published in English. The following keywords or Medical Subject Headings (MESH) terms were used to search for relevant texts, titles, or abstracts with the help of Boolean operators (‘and,’ ‘or’): ‘Brucella,’ ‘Brucella abortus,’ ‘Brucella melitensis,’ ‘Brucella canis,’ ‘Brucella suis,’ ‘brucellosis,’ ‘Bang disease,’ ‘undulant fever,’ ‘Malta fever,’ ‘vaccination,’ ‘vaccine,’ and ‘immunization.’