China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Keratin
Published in Masahiko Mori, Histochemistry of the Salivary Glands, 2019
The existence of intermediate keratin proteins demonstrated with polyclonal antikeratin antiserum indicates that all ductal epithelial cells of salivary glands are positive for keratins.20–26 Immunohistochemical studies using monoclonal antibodies to keratin polypeptides in salivary gland tissue have resulted in several findings (Table 4). CAM5.2 (nos. 8, 18, 19) stained duct and acinar cells,27 KL1 and PKK1 staining was confined to ductal 1 cells,28 and clone 77 reacted with ductal cells while clone 80 reacted to both ductal and acinar cells of salivary glands.29 34βE12 stained strongly the intercalated and striated duct cells, while 35βH11 stained equally ductal and acinar cells.30,31 NCL-5D3 (no. 8) reacted strongly in ductal cells and weakly in acinar cells of paraffin sections,32 and MAK-6 (40, 50, 56 kDa), AE1: AE3, and CAM5.2 (50, 43, 39 kDa) stained ductal cells of breast.33 Also, AE1 and AE3 antibodies stained ductal luminal cells and acinar cells of human breast tissues, and AE3 only stained myoepithelium.34
Basal Cell and Squamous Cell Carcinomas
Published in Dongyou Liu, Tumors and Cancers, 2017
BCC is a slow-growing, locally invasive, malignant skin cancer affecting the epidermis. Microscopically, BCC may appear nodular (60%, a large, rounded mass of neoplastic cells with well-defined peripheral contours and peripheral palisading in the dermis), micronodular (10%, small nodules with peripheral palisading), superficial (25%, well-delineated nests growing multifocally and radially from the epidermis into the papillary dermis), infiltrative or morpheaform (2%, tumor islands of varying size growing infiltratively with an irregular outline and spiky configuration, but poorly developed peripheral palisading), and basosquamous (metatypical) (admixture of BCC and SCC with potential to metastasize; clearly different from focal squamous differentiation in BCC). Immunohistochemically, BCC is positive for BerEP4, 34βE12, MNF116, p53, BCL2, and p63, but negative for EMA, CEA, involucrin, and CK20. Molecularly, BCC may show gains in chromosomes 5, 7, 9, 29, and 20 and LOH at 9q22.3 and trisomy 6 [7].
Clinical implications of lung neuroendocrine neoplasm classification
Published in Expert Review of Anticancer Therapy, 2021
Jasna Metovic, Marco Barella, Sergio Harari, Linda Pattini, Adriana Albini, Angelica Sonzogni, Giulia Veronesi, Mauro Papotti, Giuseppe Pelosi
Regarding cytokeratin (CK) reactivity patterns to improve the differential diagnosis of lung NE carcinomas and their combined variants, the study by Lyda et al. [45] has revealed that high-molecular-weight cytokeratins, such as those recognized by the 34βE12 clone (reacting with CK1, CK5, CK10, and CK14), were detected in 1 of 37 (3%) SCLCs and 1 of 6 (17%) LCNECs. On the other hand, Sturm et al. [46] demonstrated consistent absence of 34βE12 immunoreactivity across a large series of pulmonary NENs, leading to the conclusion that high-molecular-weight cytokeratins should be always absent in pure forms of lung NE carcinomas. Moreover, LCNEC is characterized by significant expression of CK7, CK18, E-cadherin, and beta-catenin, and with a different reactivity pattern from SCLC, supporting the notion that this tumor type may be a morphologically and immunophenotypically separate tumor entity [47].
Primary ependymoma of the retropubic space in a male patient
Published in Ultrastructural Pathology, 2020
Elif Tasar Kapakli, Kemal Kosemehmetoglu, Figen Kaymaz, Bulent Akdogan, Mustafa Ozmen, Dilek Ertoy Baydar
Ependymal neoplasia may display a wide variety of histologic patterns including solid, macrocystic, microcystic, papillary, pseudopapillary, trabecular, and/or cribriform formations. The presence of perivascular pseudorosettes is regarded as a major clue for the diagnostic consideration of an ENE microscopically, whereas the CNS ependymomas occasionally have true ependymal rosettes.7 In our case, both true ependymal rosettes and pseudorosettes were present. Immunohistochemically, CNS ependymomas are known to show diffuse GFAP, dot- or ring-like cytoplasmic EMA, and variable cytokeratin expression. Cytokeratins such as 34βE12, CK18, CAM 5.2, and CK7 are more commonly expressed in ENEs. Staining patterns for GFAP and EMA are similar in neural and extraneural tumors. In contrast to the CNS ependymomas, the majority of ENEs are reported to express estrogen and progesterone receptors diffusely and strongly.8
The value of desmosomal plaque-related markers to distinguish squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma of the lung
Published in Upsala Journal of Medical Sciences, 2020
Inmaculada Galindo, Mercedes Gómez-Morales, Inés Díaz-Cano, Álvaro Andrades, Mercedes Caba-Molina, María Teresa Miranda-León, Pedro Pablo Medina, Joel Martín-Padron, María Esther Fárez-Vidal
Studies in whole-tissue sections indicate that SCCs have a relatively precise immunophenotype, i.e. negativity for TTF1 and positivity for p63, CK5/6, and 34βE12. In contrast, ACs are much more heterogeneous, and only diffuse positivity for TTF1 is considered characteristic, given that a proportion of ACs also express markers considered typical of SCCs. Hence, albeit useful, no SCC marker is wholly specific (43).