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Recent Advances In Otoacoustic Emissions
Published in Stavros Hatzopoulos, Andrea Ciorba, Mark Krumm, Advances in Audiology and Hearing Science, 2020
OAE tests are widely used to screen newborns for congenital hearing loss in many Universal Newborn Hearing Screening (UNHS) programs. However, concerns about high referral and false-positive rates have plagued OAE screening. Various protocols have been used to address this problem. OAEs continue to be the preferred method for newborn hearing screening in otherwise healthy newborns due to the low cost, easy to use technology for non-audiologists, and the rapidity of the screening method. In 2007, the Joint Committee on Infant Hearing (JCIH); (American Academy of Pediatrics, 2007) reconfirmed the utility of OAE screening, but for the first time, recommended that ABR screening was preferred in infants with elevated risk for neurological impairment, specifically those infants cared for in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs).
Hearing Aids for the Pediatric Population
Published in Stavros Hatzopoulos, Andrea Ciorba, Mark Krumm, Advances in Audiology and Hearing Science, 2020
Katia de Almeida, Maria Cecíli Martinelli
To fit hearing aids in children is not a simple task and involves constant challenges for the professionals, responsible for this process. Children are not small adults and, therefore, what is valid for the adult population may not be for children. If a hearing aid used by an adult allows a better understanding of speech sounds, this does not mean that the same device used by a child with congenital hearing loss will develop similar auditory-verbal competence.
History Stations
Published in Joseph Manjaly, Peter Kullar, Alison Carter, Richard Fox, ENT OSCEs: A Guide to Passing the DO-HNS and MRCS (ENT) OSCE, 2019
Joseph Manjaly, Peter Kullar, Alison Carter, Richard Fox
Neonatal hearing tests within the first few weeks of life are now universal. Congenital hearing loss will most often be picked up at this stage. This often has a genetic basis. Automated otoacoustic emissions (AOAEs) are used as the initial screening test. Those babies who fail the first test (which may or may not be due to an underlying hearing deficit) are retested with AOAEs and automated auditory brainstem responses.
Cost-effectiveness analysis on implementing newborn hearing screening programmes in a low- to middle-income country
Published in International Journal of Audiology, 2023
Pittayapon Pitathawatchai, Sitthichok Chaichulee, Wirawan Wannaro, Patchanok Pongprawat
Congenital hearing loss is one of the most common birth conditions in newborns. Approximately, 0.1–0.3% of all newborns suffer from this disability (Erenberg et al. 1999). To minimise adverse developmental effects from congenital hearing loss, early detection and intervention are crucial. A strategy to achieve this goal has been recommended by the Joint Committee of Infant Hearing (JCIH) which involves providing all newborns with universal newborn hearing screening (UNHS) (JCIH 2019). Although there have been no randomised controlled trials in regard to outcomes of UNHS programmes, a quasi-randomised control study reported that better results in speech and language development were evident in hearing-impaired infants who received early detection and intervention than those without early intervention (Korver et al. 2010).
The α9α10 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor: a compelling drug target for hearing loss?
Published in Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Targets, 2022
Congenital hearing loss is the most common sensory disability and affects approximately 1–2 out of 1000 newborns. In more than 50% of the cases the cause is genetic, being 70–80% non-syndromic [10,11]. To date a total of 124 non-syndromic hearing loss genes have been identified [12] and this number is constantly increasing, highlighting the wide variety of proteins involved in auditory physiology and development. Hearing loss increases with age, and age-related hearing loss or presbycusis is a multifactorial condition with contributions from, and interactions among, numerous variables including genetic factors that determine the rate and extent of hair cells and neural degeneration, pre-existing ear conditions, chronic illnesses, use of ototoxic medicines and lifestyles. Several environmental, lifestyle, or other modifiable factors contribute to the etiology of hearing impairment across the lifespan. This implies that hearing impairment in adults may be prevented or delayed [13].
What happens when the newborn hearing screening program is integrated with congenital Cytomegalovirus infection screening? Preliminary results in a tertiary hospital
Published in Hearing, Balance and Communication, 2021
Silvia Palma, Cecilia Botti, Maria Federica Roversi, Margherita Bettini, Paola Pietrosemoli, Alberto Berardi, Elisabetta Genovese
Coverage of the NHS was ≥99.3% in each year. There were 17,229 live births during the study period, 20 were diagnosed with cCMV infection, 8 in group 1 and 12 in group 2 with a global prevalence of 1.1:1000 (Table 1). 72 neonates (0.42%) with hearing loss were identified. 5/72 (7%) received a diagnosis of cCMV infection, 3/34 (8.8%) in group 1 and 2/38 (5.3%) in group 2 (p = .66). None of those 5 children had clear responses at TEOAEs and all except one (in group 2) were symptomatic and suspected for cCMV infection, in accordance with the guidelines [12]. Congenital hearing loss was diagnosed in 34/9240 (0.37%) in group 1 and 38/7989 (0.48%) in group 2 (p = .33) (Table 1). An average 0.3% (0–0.6%) of children affected by cCMV infection-related hearing loss out of the total number of live births was found.