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Otosclerosis
Published in R James A England, Eamon Shamil, Rajeev Mathew, Manohar Bance, Pavol Surda, Jemy Jose, Omar Hilmi, Adam J Donne, Scott-Brown's Essential Otorhinolaryngology, 2022
Unilateral otosclerosis: When considering surgery for patients with unilateral otosclerosis it is important to consider the chance of achieving symmetry of hearing after surgery. This means looking carefully at the bone conduction thresholds of the proposed ear. Patients need careful counselling on the likely outcomes of surgery for real-world binaural hearing.
Hearing Aids for the Pediatric Population
Published in Stavros Hatzopoulos, Andrea Ciorba, Mark Krumm, Advances in Audiology and Hearing Science, 2020
Katia de Almeida, Maria Cecíli Martinelli
Specifically, all the advantages and functions of binaural hearing will be somewhat impaired, such as the sound localization, the binaural summation, and the elimination of the head shadow effect. More than 20% of children with permanent hearing loss are initially diagnosed with unilateral hearing loss. About 40% of these are at risk for deterioration of hearing in both the ear with hearing loss and the ear with normal hearing (Fitzpatrick et al., 2017).
Hearing Aids
Published in John C Watkinson, Raymond W Clarke, Christopher P Aldren, Doris-Eva Bamiou, Raymond W Clarke, Richard M Irving, Haytham Kubba, Shakeel R Saeed, Paediatrics, The Ear, Skull Base, 2018
Sensing sounds in two ears (binaural hearing) makes it possible for a person to locate the source of sounds and increases speech intelligibility in noisy situations. Wearing two hearing aids (a bilateral fitting) instead of one hearing aid (a unilateral fitting) increases the range of sound levels for which binaural hearing is possible. Bilateral fitting is thus more important when hearing loss is severe than when it is mild or moderate.
Cortical auditory function in children with unilateral congenital aural atresia
Published in Speech, Language and Hearing, 2023
Oscar M. Cañete, Suzanne C. Purdy, Colin R. S. Brown, Michel Neeff, Peter R. Thorne
Binaural hearing allows us to undertake a wide range of listening tasks in disadvantageous situations, such as speech recognition and sound localisation in crowded places (Grantham, 1995). Children with unilateral hearing loss (UHL) experience diverse difficulties on a range of tasks where binaural hearing is needed, such as spatial speech recognition in noise (Bess, Tharpe, & Gibler, 1986; Porter, 2011) and sound localisation (Humes, Allen, & Bess, 1980; Newton, 1983). Reports of sound localisation in children and adults with UHL show variability, with performance ranging from no difficulties to very poor performance. Factors such as time of onset, degree and aetiology of the hearing loss contribute to this variability (Newton, 1983; Slattery & Middlebrooks, 1994; Wilmington, Gray, & Jahrsdoerfer, 1994). The effects of UHL are underestimated and guidelines for the management of UHL are not universally accepted (American Academy of Audiology, 2013; Bagatto, Scollie, Hyde, & Seewald, 2010; Busa et al., 2007; King, 2010) leading to inconsistent management of UHL. The variable impact of UHL may be one factor contributing to inconsistent clinical management.
Comparison of two cortical measures of binaural hearing acuity
Published in International Journal of Audiology, 2021
The auditory nervous system compares interaural timing and level differences (ITD and ILD) in a neurocomputational process known as binaural hearing (Rayleigh 1907). Binaural hearing is fundamental to auditory perception in complex environments, as it supports sound localisation and segregation of competing streams (Bronkhorst 2000; Culling, Hawley, and Litovsky 2004; Hawley, Litovsky, and Culling 2004). Multiple studies have demonstrated binaural hearing deficits in aging individuals (Abel et al. 2000; Anderson et al. 2018; Babkoff et al. 2002; Herman, Warren, and Wagener 1977; King, Hopkins, and Plack 2014) as well as those with sensorineural (Moore, Hutchings, and Meyer 1991; Noble, Byrne, and Lepage 1994; Smoski and Trahiotis 1986) or conductive hearing losses (Ferguson et al. 1998; Moore et al. 1999; Wilmington, Gray, and Jahrsdoerfer 1994). Given these observations, there is great interest in developing efficient clinical tests of binaural hearing acuity to improve diagnostic assessments and to assist clinicians when fitting binaural hearing aids and/or cochlear implants (e.g., Lu, Litovsky, and Zeng 2010).
CI in single-sided deafness
Published in Acta Oto-Laryngologica, 2021
Anandhan Dhanasingh, Ingeborg Hochmair
In normal-hearing human subjects with binaural hearing (hearing with two ears), the brain receives and processes auditory input from both ears to separate individual voices and speech from environmental noises. The critical function of the brain at this point is to combine and compare raw acoustic information that comes from two cochleae, and takes place in different cochlear nuclei, particularly in the olivary complex exploiting the sound intensity, timing difference and frequency aspects of what the cochleae have encoded in the auditory nerve action potential. From the output that comes from the olivary complex, the auditory cortex creates a three-dimensional landscape of the acoustic signal. This is an ordinary phenomenon in binaural, normal-hearing human subjects who can localise and understand the speech with no additional effort – the two advantages claimed to be the most important in binaural hearing [4].