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Axial Spondyloarthritis
Published in Jason Liebowitz, Philip Seo, David Hellmann, Michael Zeide, Clinical Innovation in Rheumatology, 2023
While the Modified NY Classification Criteria were intended to identify a homogenous patient population for research, they have been commonly applied for diagnosis as well.2 As a result, radiographic findings played a central role in the diagnosis of ankylosing spondylitis. In the past several decades, however, the paradigm for both classifying and diagnosing this condition has shifted.
Brucellosis
Published in Firza Alexander Gronthoud, Practical Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, 2020
Osteoarticular disease is the most common complication of brucellosis, and manifests as peripheral arthritis, sacroiliitis and spondylitis. Peripheral arthritis is the most common and is nonerosive, since it usually involves the knees, hips, ankles and wrists in the context of acute infection. Prosthetic joint infection has also been reported. Spondylitis, predominantly involving the lumbar spine, is difficult to treat, and residual damage following treatment occurs frequently. Other important complications are neurobrucellosis and endocarditis.
The Musculoskeletal System and Its Disorders
Published in Walter F. Stanaszek, Mary J. Stanaszek, Robert J. Holt, Steven Strauss, Understanding Medical Terms, 2020
Walter F. Stanaszek, Mary J. Stanaszek, Robert J. Holt, Steven Strauss
Spondylitis (spondyl- meaning "vertebra") is the term for inflammation of one or more vertebrae. Ankylosingspondylitis, also called Marie-Strumpell disease, denotes arthritis of the spine. It eventually leads to ossification (change into bone) of ligaments and bony bridging between the bodies or main parts of the vertebrae with irreversible skeletal immobility. Herniation of an intervertebral disk occurs when the cartilage pad protrudes into the spinal nerve or nerve canal. This condition is often referred to as a slipped disk.
Management of cervical fractures in ankylosing spondylitis patients: immediate fixation effort via vertebroplasty with one-staged combined anterior and posterior fixation
Published in British Journal of Neurosurgery, 2023
Ming-Fai Tse, Yi-Hsin Tsai, Lin-Hsue Yang, Fu-Shan Jaw, Che-Kuang Lin
Spine fractures can develop in ankylosing spondylitis (AS) patients, even as a result of minor trauma, due to the associated altered vertebral bone composition and biomechanics. A previous study has shown that patients with AS have a four-fold higher risk of fracture during their lifetime than the healthy population.1 Osteoporosis or relevant low bone mineral density are reported in up to 62% of AS patients.2,3 Ectopic bone formation4 and osteopenia5 are two pathological pathways that account for the elevated fracture risk. The majority of fractures are located in the cervical spine, particularly the lower cervical spine or the cervicothoracic junction.6–18 The fractures of the ankylosed spine often involve through the anterior column to the posterior column, along with the fractures of ossified anterior and posterior ligamentous complexes and the surrounding tissue. For such cervical instability that lack of the usual stabilizing ligamentous support increases the demand of mechanical stabilization with fixation devices.6,9,11,17
Findings in ancient Egyptian mummies from tomb KV64, Valley of the Kings, Luxor, with evidence of a rheumatic disease
Published in Scandinavian Journal of Rheumatology, 2023
LM Öhrström, R Seiler, S Bickel, F Rühli
The changes in the cervical spine could possibly be caused by a rheumatic disease. For RA, however, the typical erosive changes are absent and other, often radiologically detectable changes, such as an instability of the dens axis, cannot be assessed, since this part of the spine is not articulated in anatomical position. The involvement of the cervical spine is rather common in RA and according to Redlund-Johnell, severe TMJ RA is often associated with cervical affection (24). The subtle changes on both sides of the SIJs could possibly be caused by RA. Hereby, the SIJ affection appears rather late in the disease progression (25). However, typical erosive or proliferative changes of the hand skeleton are not seen, making RA a possible but rather unlikely diagnosis. Sclerosis of the SIJs could also suggest ankylosing spondylitis, but the changes are minimal, the thoracolumbar spine is not affected, and the typical calcifications in the vertebral ligaments are absent. This makes the diagnosis of ankylosing spondylitis very unlikely. Thus, the alterations in the TMJs are most likely to have been caused by an inflammatory rheumatic disease, and most likely by PsA, and the changes in the cervical spine and SIJs are probably of degenerative origin.
Patients with ankylosing spondylitis have high risk of irritable bowel syndrome: a long-term nationwide population-based cohort study
Published in Postgraduate Medicine, 2022
Hao-Yuan Feng, Chi-Ho Chan, Yu-Cheng Chu, Xin-Man Qu, Yu-Hsun Wang, James Cheng-Chung Wei
Ankylosing Spondylitis is a chronic inflammatory disease, which mainly invades the sacroiliac joints of the lower spine. There is seldom a direct connection between AS and IBS. However, previous studies on autoimmune diseases and gastrointestinal disorders like gut inflammation or dyspepsia have been published. A case-control study indicated that autoimmune patients except those with endocrine autoimmune disorders might have a higher prevalence to develop functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs), i.e. functional dyspepsia (FD), chronic idiopathic constipation (CIC), and multiple FGIDs [20]. Most recently, atopic and autoimmune diseases are risk factors for FGIDs in a population-based study [18]. In a longitudinal observation study, autoimmunity had the potential to cause post-infectious gut dysmotility [21]. Besides, a 5-year follow-up study reports that fecal calprotectin(FCP) level which is a crucial marker of intestinal inflammation increased in AS patients. Although the sample size of this research are not large, this research shows a strong relationship between gut inflammation and AS [22].