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Orthopaedics and Trauma, including Neurosurgery
Published in Kaji Sritharan, Samia Ijaz, Neil Russell, Tim Allen-Mersh, 300 Essentials SBAs in Surgery, 2017
Kaji Sritharan, Samia Ijaz, Neil Russell, Tim Allen-Mersh
A Colles’ fracture is a fracture of the distal radius, with dorsal angulation of the distal fragment causing the classic dinner-fork deformity. It is commonly caused by falling onto an outstretched hand. Smith’s and Barton’s fractures are also fractures of the wrist, but they do not cause the dinner-fork deformity. An isolated scaphoid fracture doesn’t cause deformity. The radial head fracture is an elbow fracture.
Musculoskeletal trauma and soft tissue injuries
Published in Brice Antao, S Irish Michael, Anthony Lander, S Rothenberg MD Steven, Succeeding in Paediatric Surgery Examinations, 2017
Purudappa Prasad, Gleeson Rebello
Supracondylar fracture is the most common elbow fracture in children. The mechanism of injury is an acute hyperextension load on the elbow from falling on an outstretched arm. The distal fragment displaces posteriorly in more than 90% of fractures. The classification system most commonly used is that of Gartland, who described three stages of displacement type I, non-displaced or minimally displaced, type II angulated with moderate displacement but a portion of the cortex still maintaining end-to-end contact and type III that is completely displaced. These fractures need to be treated urgently with closed reduction and either medial and lateral or widely divergent lateral pin fixation.
Injuries of the elbow and forearm
Published in Ashley W. Blom, David Warwick, Michael R. Whitehouse, Apley and Solomon’s System of Orthopaedics and Trauma, 2017
Adam Watts, David Warwick, Mike Uglow, Joanna Thomas
Successful management of elbow fracture- dislocations depends on correct identification of the pattern of injury, application of a treatment algorithm specific to that pattern and based on anatomical principles, and recognition of the underlying ‘hidden’ soft-tissue injury that can be inferred from the fracture pattern. Consider that elbow fracture-dislocations occur as a result of forces applied through the forearm that act as a long ‘lever arm’ to multiply forces across the elbow. These forces can be ‘twisting’ or rotational forces, bending forces or axial loads.
Clinical and Radiographic Outcomes of Unipolar and Bipolar Radial Head Prosthesis in Patients with Radial Head Fracture: A Systemic Review and Meta-Analysis
Published in Journal of Investigative Surgery, 2018
Hongwei Chen, Ziyang Wang, Yongjun Shang
The study was performed in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. Medline, Cochrane, EMBASE, Google Scholar databases were searched until April 18, 2016 using the following search terms: radial head fracture, elbow fracture, radial head arthroplasty, implants, prosthesis, unipolar, monopolar, bipolar, cemented, and press-fit. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs), retrospective, and cohort studies were included. Included studies had to have investigated patients with radial head fracture and presented quantitatively outcomes of interest. Letters, comments, editorials, case report; proceeding, and personal communications were excluded. Studies were also not included if the characteristics of the elbow injury involved active infection or previous treatment failure. The review of the list of potential references and the extraction of data was performed by two independent reviewers and a third reviewer was consulted, when necessary, to decide any uncertainties regarding eligibility.
Evaluation of A Better Approach for Open Reduction Of Severe Gartland Type III Supracondylar Humeral Fracture
Published in Journal of Investigative Surgery, 2021
Supracondylar humerus fracture (SHF) is the most common elbow fracture in children, accounting for up to 75% of all pediatric elbow fractures [1, 2]. Closed reduction and percutaneous Kirschner (K)-wire fixations are considered as the best treatment method for Gartland type III fractures [3]. However, open surgery is inevitable in situations of impossible reduction, vascular injury, compartmental syndrome, open fractures, and multiple traumas [4, 5]. Open reduction and internal stabilization with K-wires ensure safe anatomical reduction and alignment maintenance.
Elbow dislocation with lateral condyle and coronoid fractures
Published in Case Reports in Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, 2022
Yousef Fallah, Behnam Baghianimoghadam, Seyed-Aref Daneshi
During surgery, we found the anterior capsule detached from the anterior ulna. We had to reattach the anterior capsule to obtain stability. Then, this pattern of fracture has some specifications of the terrible triad and some of PMRI. We think that the lateral epicondyle fracture is an avulsion fracture. An axial force helped the avulsion force to detach a large intraarticular fragment. Then, we suggest this pattern of fracture can mimic PMRI and it could potentially lead to a broader injury pattern spectrum for elbow fracture-dislocation.