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Calcaneal fractures
Published in Maneesh Bhatia, Essentials of Foot and Ankle Surgery, 2021
Devendra Mahadevan, Adam Sykes
If a calcaneal fracture is suspected then an anterior to posterior (AP) and a lateral view of the ankle may be enough to confirm the diagnosis. The AP view can give an idea of the width (lateral wall displacement) and to a lesser degree the varus or valgus angulation of the calcaneum. The lateral view will allow for measurement of the angles described by Bӧhler and Gissane (Figure 18.5). These angles help to show the severity of depression of the posterior facet.
Effect of Vibration
Published in Verna Wright, Eric L. Radin, Mechanics of Human Joints, 2020
J. E. Smeathers, P. S. Helliwell
Clinicians are familiar with the patient who presents with pain in the foot as a result of a calcaneal fracture after jumping from a height onto a hard surface. In this situation a high-amplitude, short-duration shock (or vibration) has exceeded the mechanical strength of the biological tissue (trabecular bone of the calcaneum), resulting in a pathological state. What is less clear is the relationship between continuous exposure to vibration of smaller amplitude, in which the vibration dose accumulated over a longer period may exceed that received from vibration of higher amplitude over a shorter time. This may be particularly important if the vibratory stimulus coincides with the natural frequency of the tissue under vibration, in which the response and load may be amplified two to three times. Furthermore, continuous low-amplitude vibration may accelerate normal creep in cartilaginous structures, accentuating load-induced changes in the dimensions of the tissue.
The lower limb
Published in Ffion Davies, Colin E. Bruce, Kate Taylor-Robinson, Emergency Care of Minor Trauma in Children, 2017
Ffion Davies, Colin E. Bruce, Kate Taylor-Robinson
The commonest cause of a calcaneal fracture is a fall from a height, usually higher than the child's head, and is unusual below 10 years old. There is swelling and weight-bearing is very painful. The axial load exerted during injury can also cause lumbar spine and pelvic fractures. Stress fractures of the calcaneum can also occur (see ‘Other heel problems’).
Comparison of the Conventional Surgery and the Surgery Assisted by 3d Printing Technology in the Treatment of Calcaneal Fractures
Published in Journal of Investigative Surgery, 2018
Wenhao Zheng, Zhenyu Tao, Yiting Lou, Zhenhua Feng, Hang Li, Liang Cheng, Hui Zhang, Jianshun Wang, Xiaoshan Guo, Hua Chen
We received CT scans of calcaneal fracture patients from the Star PACS system (INFINITT, Seoul, South Korea) of our hospital. The original CT data were stored in DICOM format and 3-dimensional (3D) reconstructed using Mimics software v17.0 (Materialise, Leuven, Belgium), positioning by adjusting the threshold to reveal the intact structures of calcaneus and the bones around the ankle joint. The Region Growing command was used to separate the bones and soft tissues and establish the Mask of the calcaneus. The pixel set of the calcaneus was processed using the Calculate 3D form mask command to produce the mirror image of the contralateral side, which was used as the 3D model of the injured side. The Mask pixel set of each fragment was established and the 3D Object was calculated using the Mask. The 3D model of the injured calcaneus was produced using Unite Boolean calculation and further processing for the noise reduction and smoothing of the calcaneus. The design data was then imported date into the 3D printing software (Cura Software v15.02) in STL format. After a 3D digital model was formed, we saved it in Gcode format and exported it to a 3D printer (3D ORTHO Waston Med Inc. Changzhou, Jiangsu, China). Finally, the exact 1:1 models of the injured calcaneus and the mirrored contralateral calcaneus were fabricated.
3D Printing Calcaneal Fractures: Continuously Improving our Care by Making a Complex Problem Tangible
Published in Journal of Investigative Surgery, 2018
Tim Schepers, Dominique Misselyn
The 3D prints were initially used to gain more insight in fracture patterns to improve operative planning [6],[7]. Followed by improving communication and increase inter-observer agreement of calcaneal fracture classification [8],[9]. 3D printing after segmentation did have a positive effect on agreement compared with complete foot 3D images or digital 3D images [10],[11]. Currently, the focus is mainly on the use of 3D to prepare the operative procedure, and to improve the surgical outcome (reduction) [12]. But some have taken steps even further and have implanted a 3D printed titanium calcaneus prosthesis following resection [13].
3D imaging added value in the treatment and diagnosis of displaced intra-articular calcaneal fractures (DIACF): measuring the orientation of the posterior talo-calcaneal facet in the space
Published in Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering, 2022
Dominique Misselyn, Stijn De Buck, Stefaan Nijs, Giovanni Matricali, Tim Schepers
Surgeons who specialize in calcaneal fracture agree that in most patients surgical managements yield the best result (Buckley et al. 2002). Functional outcome is largely dependent on preventing complications and restoring anatomy of the calcaneus. Reconstruction of height and subtalar joint congruency of the posterior subtalar joint, for example, are both associated with improved outcome (Schepers and Misselyn 2017).