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Onchocerciasis in the Esmeraldas Province of Ecuador
Published in Max J. Miller, E. J. Love, Parasitic Diseases: Treatment and Control, 2020
In the anterior eye segment, the prevalence of punctate keratitis was evenly distributed with age, 87.9% of the Chachi and 82.4% of the Blacks presenting with punctate keratitis. However, in relation to the presence of microfilariae in the anterior chamber, microfilariae were found in 50.0% of the Chachi and in only 35.2% of the Blacks. In both races the presence of microfilariae in the anterior chamber peaked in the 20 to 29 age range. The prevalence of iritis was the same for both races. In relation to the posterior eye lesions, a higher prevalence of chorioretinitis and optic atrophy was seen in the Blacks (17.6% and 8.5%, respectively) as compared to the Chachi (11.2% and 0.5%, respectively). It is of interest to note that the Blacks presented with a much higher prevalence of posterior eye lesions even though they had a lower prevalence of microfilariae in the anterior chamber.
Levator denervation for upper lid retraction secondary to seventh nerve palsy
Published in Jan-Tjeerd de Faber, 28th European Strabismological Association Meeting, 2020
K. G. Boboridis, N. G. Ziakas, N. S. Georgiadis
The lower lid position was at the level or above the middle of the pupil sparing the visual axis in all cases. There was no significant levator function alteration and the mean duration of the toxin action was 10 weeks, requiring repeated treatment. Punctate keratitis was cured and all patients noticed subjective improvement of symptoms.
Ophthalmology
Published in Stephan Strobel, Lewis Spitz, Stephen D. Marks, Great Ormond Street Handbook of Paediatrics, 2019
Corneal involvement is extremely rare, but ocular findings include swollen lids, vesicular lesions of the lids, and varying degrees of keratoconjunctivitis. Infrequently superficial punctate keratitis of the cornea occurs.
Bilateral Anterior Uveitis Following Paediatric Inflammatory Multisystem Syndrome Temporally Associated with SARS-CoV-2 – Case Report and Focused Review
Published in Ocular Immunology and Inflammation, 2023
Aliénor Vienne-Jumeau, Antoine P. Brézin, Amina Debieb
We found eight studies reporting uveitis in children and adolescents with PIMS-TS (Table 1). Three of them included several patients, respectively nine, five and two patients. All in all, 21 children were reported (6 males and 6 females, 9 not specified). The median age was 11.5 years (interquartile range (IQR) [8.3–14.0]). Except for one case, all patients had bilateral manifestations. All uveitis were limited to the anterior segment, except for three cases that were intermediate uveitis (IU). Neither synechiae nor hypertonia were described in any case. AAU were non granulomatous in two cases, and unknown in the other cases. Superficial punctate keratitis was described in four patients and corneal oedema in one other. All patients had AAU. Five out of 12 patients had decreased visual acuity at diagnosis, with the worst one being 20/40. For all patients, this was the first episode of uveitis. Their symptoms lasted five to seven days for AAU and two to three weeks for IU. They occurred either concomitantly to or a few days after the diagnosis of PIMS-TS, which occurred four to eight weeks after the infection by SARS-Cov-2. Two patients with IU did not receive topical or systemic treatment. All others received topical corticosteroids and either intravenous immunoglobulins (18/19 patients) and/or systemic corticosteroids and/or Anakinra® and/or Tocilizumab®.
Effectiveness of ketorolac-soaked bandage contact lens for pain management after photorefractive keratectomy
Published in Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology, 2023
The preoperative eye redness was 199.2 ± 16.0 pixels in Group 1, while it was 200.1 ± 17.6 pixels in Group 2 (p = 0.65). At the postoperative 24th hour, the eye redness increased to 236.4 ± 20.5 pixels in Group 1 and to 234.6 ± 18.7 pixels in Group 2, and this increase in both groups was statistically significant (p < 0.001). At the postoperative 72nd hour, eye redness decreased significantly to 207.5 ± 19.6 pixels in Group 1 and to 209.4 ± 20.6 pixels in Group 2 (p < 0.001). However, there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of eye redness and conjunctival injection at the postoperative 24th and 72nd hours (p = 0.43 and p = 0.39, respectively) (Figure 2). Corneal haze developed in 1 eye (0.64%) in Group 2, but it completely resolved at 6 months postoperatively with low-dose steroid therapy. We did not encounter punctate keratitis, subepithelial infiltrates, or corneal melting in any patient in either group.
Pharmacotherapeutic management of atopic keratoconjunctivitis
Published in Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy, 2020
Ibtesham T Hossain, Priyanka Sanghi, Bita Manzouri
Corneal involvement in atopic keratoconjunctivitis is secondary to chronic inflammation and has a spectrum of severity. Presence of inflammatory mediators, irregular lid margins, and trauma results in punctate keratitis and persistent epithelial defects. Corneal ulceration is also common and can be superimposed by infections that can be difficult to manage particularly in patients on long-term steroids [20]. Recurrent exacerbations and episodes of infection can result in pannus formation and corneal neovascularisation causing loss of vision (see Figure 3). Power et al. [21] conducted a cohort review of 20 patients and found that 70% of patients with atopic keratoconjunctivitis developed keratopathy, 60% developed corneal neovascularisation, and 50% required keratoplasty.