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Bilateral integration sequencing (BIS)
Published in Jill Christmas, Rosaline Van de Weyer, Hands on Dyspraxia: Developmental Coordination Disorder, 2019
Jill Christmas, Rosaline Van de Weyer
Where there is no clear eye dominance, reading and general processing of visual information may be difficult. When the child tries to look through a telescope, for example, they may be unsure which eye to use. (This can also be due to a reduced sense of their body scheme – see the section on proprioception in Chapter 3.)
Brain Development and Its Relationship to Patterns of Injury
Published in Richard A. Jonas, Jane W. Newburger, Joseph J. Volpe, John W. Kirklin, Brain Injury and Pediatric Cardiac Surgery, 2019
Hubei and Wiesel’s experiments in primates examined the phenomenon of ocular dominance plasticity in which the organization of the visual cortex into ocular dominance columns is influenced by the relative visual activity in each eye.29 One can study this by injecting tritiated amino acids into one eye and making tangential sections on the surface of the cortex when the amino acids have been transported in a retrograde fashion into the visual cortex. Normally, autoradiograms prepared from this material show alternating bands of dark and light, corresponding to alternating domination by each eye. When one eye is covered for some time during the period of development, the opposite eye gains a dominant influence over the visual cortex, claiming more territory because it is more active while the other eye is inactive. The activity-dependent shifts in connections in the visual cortex are limited by age, which is about 6 years in children. These activity-dependent shifts in eye dominance, termed “ocular dominance plasticity,” appear to utilize the special features of the NMDA receptors and are blocked by NMDA antagonist drugs.30
A Deep History of the Chines Geographic Imagination
Published in Marta E. Hanson, Speaking of Epidemics in Chinese Medicine, 2012
Two chapters in Basic Questions borrowed from the ancient account of Gong Gong, the mythical geography of an Earth that tilts upwards toward the northwest and downward toward the southeast.32 One deploys the northwest–southeast duality to explain right-hand and right-foot dominance and left-ear and left-eye dominance.33 The Yellow Emperor asks Qibo this question: Heaven is insufficient in the northwest, thus the northwest is yin and human ears and eyes on the right are not as good as those on the left. Earth is incomplete in the southeast, thus the southeast is yang and human hands and feet on the left are not as strong as on the right. Why is this so?34
Objective excyclotorsion increases with aging in adults
Published in Strabismus, 2022
In this study, the right-eye DFA was significantly smaller than the left-eye DFA. This difference mainly came from the increase of left-eye DFA in the older participants (Figure 1, Table 1). Another report showed the same laterality: right-eye DFA was 2.2° smaller than left-eye DFA.4 Eye dominance (fixation preference) is known to affect DFA in paretic and nonparetic strabismus.10–14 DFA of the dominant eye is found to be smaller than that of nondominant eye in these cases of strabismus.10–13 The dominant-eye DFA was smaller than the nondominant-eye DFA of group III in our study, too (Figure 2). The vertical axis of the dominant eye is less inclined than the vertical axis of the nondominant eye of these individuals. A human’s most important sense of spatial orientation may be the direction of gravity. Therefore, the dominant eye is likely to be aligned more accurately with the earth’s vertical (i.e., a smaller DFA) than the non-dominant eye. The prevalence of right-eye dominance over left-eye dominance ranges from 2:1 to 3:1 in healthy people.22–24 This distribution bias may have caused this laterality (right- < left-eye) in DFA.
Objective excyclotorsion in age-related distance esotropia
Published in Strabismus, 2022
The left-eye DFA was significantly larger than the right-eye DFA in both ARDE and control groups (Figure 3). This difference (positive L-R DFA difference) was 2.1° and 2.2° in ARDE and control groups, almost the same as the 2.3° reported by Simiera.11 A possible explanation for this L-R DFA difference is the effect of eye dominance. Excyclodeviation in superior oblique palsy is reported to be affected by eye dominance.12,13 Superior oblique palsy causes the paretic eye to excyclodeviate. However, DFA of the paretic eye is equal to or even smaller than that of the healthy eye when the paretic eye is the dominant eye.12,13 This may imply that DFAs of the dominant eyes in these patients are decreased by the central nervous system. The prevalence of right-eye dominance over left-eye dominance is from 2:1 to 3:1 in normal people.14–16 This ratio was the same in our study population (ARDE patients), and right-eye DFA in the right-eye dominant participants was smaller than that in the left-eye dominant ones (Figure 4). Left-eye DFA did not show such difference. The prevalence of right-eye dominance in our participants may have partially contributed to this positive L-R DFA difference.
Hair Whorl Direction: The Association with Handedness, Footedness, and Eyedness
Published in Developmental Neuropsychology, 2020
Murat Çetkin, Selin Bayko, Tunç Kutoğlu
The human body demonstrates asymmetric features in a structural and functional sense. Handedness, footedness, and eyedness constitute the functional symmetric differences in humans. Handedness (hand preference) is an evident marker of cerebral dominance (Misra, 2007). Handedness, defined as an individual’s preference to use one of his/her hands more than the other hand in special tasks, may have a natural or biological basis (Ghayas & Adil, 2007). In humans, right-handedness is more common than left-handedness. This is a universal reality that does not depend on racial and geographical variables (McManus, 2009). Another parameter considered in the representation of cerebral dominance is footedness (foot preference) (Elias, Bryden, & Bulman-Fleming, 1998; Kalaycıoğlu, Kara, Atbaşoğlu, & Nalçacı, 2008). Footedness is the preference of one lower limb more than the other one in a motor activity (Grouios, Hatzitaki, Kollias, & Koidou, 2009). Footedness was reported to be less affected by social training (Gabbard & Iteya, 1996). The functional mechanism and neural origin of eyedness (ocular dominance) is relatively less known. The brain receives image-related impulses from the binocular visual field. However, an individual usually prefers to use one of his/her eyes more than the other one in certain tasks. This tendency is called eyedness and while performing certain tasks that require the use of one eye, those with right eye dominance prefer to use their right eyes, and those with left eye dominance prefer to use their left eyes (Maples, 2002; Suttle et al., 2009).