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Ophthalmological system (eyes)
Published in David Sales, Medical IELTS, 2020
Examination of the eyes may reveal arcus senilis (white ring around the edge of the cornea) or xanthelasma (fatty deposits in the skin at the inner aspect of the eye) and such patients may have a lipid disorder, although often it is found to be physiological (normal).
The protective structures, including removal of an eye
Published in Mary E. Shaw, Agnes Lee, Ophthalmic Nursing, 2018
A prosthesis will need to be removed if it becomes too big for the shrinking socket or if the colour of the other eye changes – as it does with age – the sclera becoming less white and the conjunctival blood vessels more pronounced. The iris may change colour and an arcus senilis may appear.
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Published in Anton Sebastian, A Dictionary of the History of Medicine, 2018
Arcus Senilis [Latin: arcus, bow + senilis, aged] A circular opacity surrounding the cornea. Attributed in the past to various causes, such as deposition of hyaline bodies, lime particles, fatty degeneration and arrest of corneal development. In 1870 Jacob Mendes da Costa (1833–1900) associated corneal change seen in arcus senilis with fatty degeneration of the heart.
Transient vision loss: a neuro-ophthalmic approach to localizing the diagnosis
Published in Expert Review of Ophthalmology, 2018
Helen Chung, Jodie M. Burton, Fiona E. Costello
The anterior segment examination is also crucial to the diagnosis of pigment dispersion syndrome, which is characterized by mid-peripheral iris transillumination defects, vertically oriented pigment dusting on the corneal endothelium (Krukenberg spindle), and heavy pigmentation of the trabecular meshwork on gonioscopy [11]. A shallow anterior chamber could predispose an individual to angle closure attacks; if suspected based on Van Herick grading of the peripheral anterior chamber depth (anterior chamber <1/4 corneal thickness), formal gonioscopy should be performed to check for occludable angles [12]. Uveitis-glaucoma-hyphema (UGH) syndrome has been reported to cause TVL due to recurrent hyphemas. This is classically thought of as a late complication of cataract surgery in which the intraocular lens abrades the iris. Ocular signs that may be observed include irregular iris transillumination defects, hyphema, and anterior chamber reaction [13]. Finally, ocular ischemic syndrome can manifest in the anterior segment as arcus senilis of the contralateral eye or neovascularization of the iris or angle in the ipsilateral eye [6].
Anterior segment morphology after laser iridotomy in primary angle closure suspects
Published in Clinical and Experimental Optometry, 2018
Tarannum Mansoori, Nagalla Balakrishna
Limitation of the present study is its relatively small sample size. Also, axial length, lens vault and lens thickness were not measured, which can have effect on central anterior chamber depth and iridocorneal angle. Because of limitations of the device, possible changes in iridocorneal angle in the superior and inferior meridians cannot be assessed. The Sirius Placido disc topographer has a rotating Scheimpflug camera, the light of which cannot penetrate the corneoscleral limbus as there is light scatter at limbus. Therefore, the iridocorneal angle measured is not very precise, especially in eyes with dense arcus senilis, where we cannot image the true configuration of the iridocorneal angle. Nevertheless, iridocorneal angle measurements in our study had good reproducibility and we have compared the values pre‐ and post‐laser peripheral iridotomy using the same imaging device.