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Special Cases in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Fungal Keratitis
Published in Mahendra Rai, Marcelo Luís Occhiutto, Mycotic Keratitis, 2019
In the study, the recurrence rate for patients with corneal limbus involvement was 4.3 times higher than for patients without limbus involvement (Shi et al. 2010). This high rate was related to the difficulty of identifying the scleral lesion under the microscope. Therefore, to avoid recurrence, the surgeon should cut off the area as long as the infection is suspected.
Management of traumatic lens subluxation and dislocation
Published in A Peyman MD Gholam, A Meffert MD Stephen, D Conway MD FACS Mandi, Chiasson Trisha, Vitreoretinal Surgical Techniques, 2019
An anterior chamber cannula is generally placed as a secondary infusion to provide irrigating solution if the primary infusion cannot be visualized, as commonly occurs in such cases. Alternatively, a bent 20-gauge needle may be placed through the pars plana with the tip directed into the anterior chamber or through the corneal limbus, providing infusion during the initial removal of prolapsed vitreous.
The cornea
Published in Mary E. Shaw, Agnes Lee, Ophthalmic Nursing, 2018
Forming the anterior one-sixth of the eyeball, the cornea is a transparent structure which fits into the surrounding sclera like a watch-glass. It is convex, avascular and highly sensitive. The site where the cornea becomes continuous with the sclera is known as the corneal limbus.
Comparing the Differences in Slowing Myopia Progression by Riboflavin/Ultraviolet A Scleral Cross-linking before and after Lens-induced Myopia in Guinea Pigs
Published in Current Eye Research, 2022
Lingbo Lai, Xiaotong Lv, Xiaowei Wu, Yushan Xu, Zhe Chen, Yu Li, Mingshen Sun, Fengju Zhang
5 pieces of 3 mm × 8 mm scleral strips in each group were prepared for the tensile test. The scleral strips were dissected longitudinally from the corneal limbus at the 10 o’clock position. The cross-linked area was located in the center of the scleral strip. The thickness (H0) of the fresh scleral strips was determined by taking the mean of 3 readings at different locations with a micrometer, where the measuring range was 6 mm and the interval was about 2 mm. The strips were clamped horizontally with a distance (L0) of 6 mm between the jaws of a microcomputer-controlled biomaterial testing system (BOSE ElectroForce 3100; Bose ElectroForce Systems Group, Minnesota, USA). After the deformation-load test at a stress of 0.01 MPa for 10 cycles, the strain was increased linearly at a velocity of 2 mm/min, the stress was recorded until the strips broke. Normal saline was applied to avoid strips drying during the tests. The stress and strain in the scleral strips were computed as
Connexins in the development and physiology of stem cells
Published in Tissue Barriers, 2021
Anaclet Ngezahayo, Frederike A. Ruhe
Adult multipotent stem cells originating from different tissues, such as the corneal limbus, periodontal ligament, skin, bone marrow, or fat tissue, have been analyzed.95,96 With respect to Cx expression, Cx43, Cx32 and Cx31.9 are normally expressed.97,98 Other additional Cx isoforms, such as Cx26, Cx37, and Cx45, are also expressed but to a lesser extent.54,98,99 Among the Cx isoforms recognized by PCR in MSCs, only Cx43 is expressed, which has been revealed by western blotting or immunostaining experiments.54,97,100,101 The expression of other isoforms, such as Cx31.9, Cx32, and Cx45, has been sporadically reported.97,101 Due to the availability of analytical tools such as antibodies, Cx43 has been intensively studied in the stem cell research field. The danger is to extrapolate the results on Cx43 to other isoforms or to consider the other Cx isoforms as unimportant for the physiology and differentiation of the different stem cells. Careful observation of the cells in development has revealed that other Cx isoforms play a role and should be considered as well. The challenge is to invest in the development of tools and to take time to understand the specific role of each Cx isoform on stem cell physiology and differentiation.
Spotlight on corneal neurotization
Published in Expert Review of Ophthalmology, 2021
Giuseppe Giannaccare, Marco Pellegrini, Federico Bolognesi, Paolo Fogagnolo, Enrico Lupardi, Fabiana Allevi, Federico Bernabei, Alessandro Lozza, Christian Plazza, Claudio Marchetti, Vincenzo Scorcia, Federico Biglioli
This technique was firstly described by Terzis and collaborators in 2009 in a series of 6 patients with different stages of facial palsy and anesthetic corneas due to intracranial diseases [15]. The contralateral supraorbital and supratrochlear nerves were coapted to the corneal perilimbal area. Initially, these nerves were identified through a coronal incision and carefully dissected under high magnification, proximal to the supraorbital margin. In order to transfer the nerve branches to the contralateral side, they were tunneled over the nasal bridge emerging from a small incision along the lid crease of the upper lid of the affected eye. Then, an incision was created over the superior conjunctiva behind the supero-nasal position of the corneal limbus. A blunt dissection was performed to create a conjunctival tunnel reaching the perilimbal area around the temporal, nasal and superior side. Each distal nerve termination was finally sutured to the sclera close to the limbus with 10–0 monofilament nylon sutures and the conjunctiva was then repaired. Subsequently, other authors, including our group, proposed a sutureless approach for positioning transferred nerves thanks to the use of fibrin glue as well as the creation of a 1.0-mm scleral-corneal tunnel for each fascicle into the anterior corneal stroma to help nerve growth toward the center of the cornea [16].